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Tinospora cordifolia; photograph భారతీయ ఆయుర్వేద జీవన విజ్ఞానం, CC BY-SA, via GBIF CC BY-SAభారతీయ ఆయుర్వేద జీవన విజ్ఞానం, CC BY-SA, via GBIF

Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers

Menispermaceae · Assam, Bangladesh +8

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Tinospora cordifolia, photograph Ganesan P, CC BY-SA, via GBIFTinospora cordifolia, photograph Raja Sekhar Chimirala, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFTinospora cordifolia, photograph Ravuri Krishna Chaitanya, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFTinospora cordifolia, photograph Dr.Tej singh johari, CC BY-SA, via GBIFTinospora cordifolia, photograph Raja Sekhar Chimirala, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFTinospora cordifolia, photograph Raja Sekhar Chimirala, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF 24 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
12.6°C
Record low 10.1 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
37°C
Apr and May at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
1,029mm
6 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
26–45DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes June to September, read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Tinospora cordifolia, guruchi, guduchi, amrita, or the heart-leaved moonseed, is a herbaceous vine of the family Menispermaceae native to South and Southeast Asia. It has been used in Ayurveda in an attempt to treat various disorders.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Tinospora cordifolia", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (832 mm of 1,018 mm) falls in June to September, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 27.9 °C against a yearly mean of 26.3 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: December to March.

Rain

1,018 mm in the median year at the habitat, 832 mm of it June to September. Wettest month July at 273 mm, driest month December at 6 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 765 mm to 2,064 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,029 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,018 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 26 to 45 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 23, the highest 90th-percentile month 47).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 12.6 °C, the absolute minimum 10.1 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 36.4 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 14.9 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range 10.0 °C to 19.7 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 37.3 °C in May (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 12.6 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 47 to 65% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +141 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Tinospora cordifolia through the yearWarmest months April and May, mean daily high 37 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low 14.9 °C; 1,018 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.0°10°20°30°40°50°36.4° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER10.1° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400500600mm rainDLI 26–45RH 47–65%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 178 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C28 / 23–2930 / 26–3233 / 30–3537 / 32–3937 / 32–4033 / 28–3830 / 27–3329 / 26–3230 / 27–3230 / 28–3329 / 27–3127 / 24–29
Night °C15 / 10–2016 / 12–2120 / 17–2324 / 21–2626 / 22–2826 / 23–2825 / 22–2724 / 21–2624 / 21–2521 / 19–2418 / 15–2315 / 11–21
Rain mm8 / 2–197 / 1–2413 / 1–3615 / 2–5926 / 8–153135 / 64–342273 / 105–574239 / 126–384185 / 125–30488 / 20–23523 / 6–1196 / 1–34
DLI32 / 28–3538 / 33–4042 / 39–4445 / 41–4744 / 38–4734 / 29–3927 / 24–3226 / 23–3130 / 27–3433 / 30–3531 / 28–3230 / 27–32
RH %52 / 47–5949 / 44–5947 / 41–6048 / 40–6253 / 42–6258 / 52–6764 / 59–7065 / 62–7064 / 59–6858 / 50–6454 / 46–6353 / 48–60
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 178 grid cells holding the 271 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1568:5121 (11.575, 76.075). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 10.1 °C, 1st-percentile night 12.6 °C, 99th-percentile day 36.4 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 178 distinct grid cells holding 271 of the 271 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1568:5121 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 11.50_76.250, lapse-corrected +141 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 814 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeAssam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Andaman Is., Myanmar, Nicobar Is., Vietnam · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker17.455, 78.441 · in the densest population, 199 records (69% of those in range)
Kew's description“liana” · “wet tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 289 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 271 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 103 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 349 km away. 32 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 18 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 289 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Tinospora cordifolia, photograph 1did not loadTinospora cordifolia, photograph 2did not loadTinospora cordifolia, photograph 3did not loadTinospora cordifolia, photograph 4did not loadTinospora cordifolia, photograph 5did not loadTinospora cordifolia, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: Ganesan P, CC BY-SA, via GBIF; Raja Sekhar Chimirala, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (3); Ravuri Krishna Chaitanya, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF; Dr.Tej singh johari, CC BY-SA, via GBIF.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Argyreia nervosa Argyreia nervosa Elephant creeper Photo: CC0, author not statedCullen corylifolium Cullen corylifolium Malaysian scurfpea Photo: CC BY, Aadi KulkarniMitragyna parvifolia Mitragyna parvifolia True Kadamb Photo: CC BY, Ravuri Krishna ChaitanyaBoswellia serrata Boswellia serrata Indian frankincense Photo: CC0, author not statedPhoenix sylvestris Phoenix sylvestris Wild date palm Photo: CC BY, John BrewAlangium salviifolium Alangium salviifolium Sage-leaf alangium Photo: CC BY, Ravuri Krishna Chaitanya

Other Tinospora 3 in the reference

Tinospora crispa Tinospora crispa Menispermaceae Photo: CC0, 葉子Tinospora sinensis Tinospora sinensis Chinese tinospora Photo: Public domain, DaderotTinospora smilacina Tinospora smilacina Snake Vine Photo: CC BY, murrayoke

Names & registers

Also known as Cocculus convolvulaceus; Menispermum cordifolium; Tinospora cordifolia var. congesta; Tinospora fosbergii. (GBIF Backbone)

Registers not checked Wikidata did not answer when this page was built, so the links it gives (POWO, IPNI, World Flora Online, Wikipedia) were not checked; any shown here are kept from an earlier build. Not asked, or not answered, is not "none": nothing here claims there is none. Why the site says it this way.
GBIFWikipedia

The record

Family
Menispermaceae
Described by
(Willd.) Miers
Native to
Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya +7
Wild records
289 in range · 103 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 3 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (2 at a herbarium, 1 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 11.50_76.250, lapse-corrected +141 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata failedasked 2026-10-22query.wikidata.org 502 (batched: Wikidata's query service, 100 GBIF keys)
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 26 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…