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Vigna subterranea; photograph tmcowiti, CC BY-SA, via GBIF CC BY-SAtmcowiti, CC BY-SA, via GBIF

Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.

Bambarra groundnut; Bambara groundnut; Bambara-bean; Congo goober

Fabaceae · Nigeria, Central African Republic +3

No habitat climate
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Vigna subterranea, photograph own, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia CommonsVigna subterranea, photograph Kembangraps, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia CommonsVigna subterranea, photograph Kkibumba, Public domain, via Wikimedia CommonsVigna subterranea, photograph Kkibumba, Public domain, via Wikimedia CommonsVigna subterranea, photograph Lemurbaby at English Wikipedia, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia CommonsVigna subterranea, photograph Flixtey, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons 13 photographs ›

Summary

Vigna subterranea (common names: Bambara groundnut, Bambara nut, Bambara bean, manicongo, Congo goober, earth pea, ground-bean, or hog-peanut) is a member of the family Fabaceae. Its name is derived from the Bambara ethnic group. It reproduces via geocarpy, ripening its pods underground, much like the peanut (also called a groundnut).

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Vigna subterranea", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Vigna

Vigna is a genus of plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, with a pantropical distribution. It includes some well-known cultivated species, including many types of beans. Some members of the genus were previously classified in Phaseolus. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Vigna", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Nothing derived: no habitat climate for this species.

Climate across the habitat

No habitat climate can be derived: Only 2 distinct land cells of the climate grid hold an in-range record placed to within 10 km; three are needed for an envelope. 271 of the 273 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or to no stated accuracy and fewer than three decimals or by something other than a person's observation, and cannot place a climate cell, though they count for the map and its marker.

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeNigeria, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Chad, Sudan · introduced: Benin, Burkina, Gambia, The, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Mali, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo, Zaïre, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Angola, Mozambique, Zambia, Namibia, Swaziland, Madagascar, India, Thailand, Jawa, New Guinea, Dominican Republic · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker9.93, 13.68 · in the densest population, 84 records (31% of those in range)
Kew's description“annual” · “seasonally dry tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 273 georeferenced records inside the native range, all openly licensed and shown on the map. 552 records outside the WCVP native range not used. No climate across the range is derived for this species. 271 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 273 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Vigna subterranea, photograph 1did not loadVigna subterranea, photograph 2did not loadVigna subterranea, photograph 3did not loadVigna subterranea, photograph 4did not loadVigna subterranea, photograph 5did not loadVigna subterranea, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: own, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Kembangraps, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Kkibumba, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons (2); Lemurbaby at English Wikipedia, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Flixtey, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

Other Vigna 9 in the reference

Vigna angularis Vigna angularis Adzuki bean Photo: CC BY, mami_t_tVigna luteola Vigna luteola Hairypod cowpea Photo: CC0, author not statedVigna marina Vigna marina Notched cowpea Photo: CC BY, smathichongVigna mungo Vigna mungo Black gram Photo: CC0, author not statedVigna radiata Vigna radiata Mung bean Photo: CC BY, Bharat GodambeVigna reflexopilosa Vigna reflexopilosa Creole-bean Photo: CC BY, 曾昱承 Yu-Cheng ZengVigna umbellata Vigna umbellata Rice bean Photo: CC0, author not statedVigna unguiculata Vigna unguiculata Cowpea Photo: CC BY, Greg III EsperaVigna vexillata Vigna vexillata Zombi pea Photo: CC BY, Alexis López Hernández

Names & registers

Also known as Arachidna trifolia; Arachis africana; Cryptolobus africanus; Cryptolobus subterraneus; Geolobus flavus and 7 more. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Fabaceae
Described by
(L.) Verdc.
Native to
Nigeria, Central African Republic, Cameroon +2
Wild records
273 in range · 273 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 4 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (2 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 2 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22only 2 distinct land cells of the climate grid hold an in-range record placed to within 10 km; three are needed for an envelope
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikimedia Commons commons answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 30 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

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