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Viola cheiranthifolia; photograph Marc Fradera-Soler, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF CC BYMarc Fradera-Soler, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF

Viola cheiranthifolia Bonpl.

Teide violet

Violaceae · Canary Is.

Cited as Kew's World Checklist cites it, Viola cheiranthifolia Bonpl.: GBIF's backbone key for this page carries the name with another author, Humb. & Bonpl.

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Viola cheiranthifolia, photograph Marc Fradera-Soler, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFViola cheiranthifolia, photograph Diego Alex, CC BY-SA, via GBIFViola cheiranthifolia, photograph Alessia Guggisberg, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFViola cheiranthifolia, photograph Alessia Guggisberg, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFViola cheiranthifolia, photograph Lídia Carrera, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFViola cheiranthifolia, photograph Lídia Carrera, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF 15 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Coldest month, mean nightly low
3.1°C
Jan at the habitat, not a floor; extremes not used (sea cell) CHELSA
Warmest month, mean daily high
24°C
Jul at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
529mm
7 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
22–50DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet winters: the rain comes November to March, read as a winter growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Viola cheiranthifolia is a species of the genus Viola. It is also known as the Teide violet and Teide daisy.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Viola cheiranthifolia", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Viola

The viola ( vee-OH-lə, Italian: [ˈvjɔːla, viˈɔːla]) is a string instrument of the violin family, and is usually bowed when played. The viola is slightly larger than the violin and has a lower sound. Since the 18th century, it has been the middle or alto voice of the violin family, between the violin (which is tuned a perfect fifth higher) and the cello (which is tuned an octave lower). More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Viola", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a winter growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (413 mm of 528 mm) falls in November to March, cooler than the year (wet-season mean 6.3 °C against a yearly mean of 10.5 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: May to September.

Rain

528 mm in the median year at the habitat, 413 mm of it November to March. Wettest month December at 108 mm, driest month July at 2 mm; 2 months under 5 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 459 mm to 674 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 529 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 528 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 22 to 50 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 17, the highest 90th-percentile month 51).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 3.1 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range 1.4 °C to 9.6 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 23.5 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 3.1 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, January, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell that is mostly sea and are not used.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 31 to 44% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Viola cheiranthifolia through the yearWarmest month July, mean daily high 24 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low 3.1 °C; 528 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.0°5°10°15°20°25°30°°C · day and nightcold quarter0255075100125150mm rainDLI 22–50RH 31–44%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 9 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C8 / 6–139 / 6–1310 / 8–1511 / 9–1513 / 11–1718 / 17–2024 / 23–2423 / 22–2419 / 17–2114 / 12–1911 / 9–168 / 7–14
Night °C3 / 1–103 / 2–104 / 3–105 / 4–117 / 5–1211 / 10–1516 / 16–1816 / 15–1812 / 11–179 / 7–156 / 4–134 / 2–11
Rain mm71 / 62–9181 / 71–10067 / 58–8728 / 25–3510 / 9–124 / 3–52 / 1–26 / 5–712 / 11–1453 / 46–6586 / 74–109108 / 91–146
DLI24 / 19–2731 / 25–3339 / 34–4044 / 41–4547 / 47–4950 / 50–5149 / 49–5045 / 44–4740 / 37–4233 / 28–3525 / 20–2822 / 17–25
RH %42 / 39–5642 / 39–5540 / 37–5339 / 35–5537 / 33–5434 / 31–5031 / 30–4434 / 33–4540 / 39–5344 / 41–5744 / 41–5843 / 40–59

The daily extremes were read at a NASA POWER cell that is 24% land: neither it nor the next candidates whose coldest month's mean nightly low is within 2 °C of the median across cells sit in a POWER cell that is mostly land, and the rule reads a cold floor only from a cell that is mostly land, so none is read for this species. Nor is the coldest month's mean nightly low taken as one: it is a mean of a month's lows, not its coldest night. What that cell gave over 44 years: absolute minimum 1.1 °C, 1st-percentile night 2.9 °C, 99th-percentile day 14.2 °C.

How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 9 grid cells holding the 50 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1235:3268 (28.225, -16.575). Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 9 distinct grid cells holding 50 of the 50 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1235:3268 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells, though its NASA POWER cell is only 24% land and none of the 4 next candidates within 2 °C of the median was mostly land); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 28.00_-16.875, lapse-corrected +1958 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 2069 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeCanary Is. · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker28.274, -16.63 · in the densest population, 61 records (100% of those in range)
Kew's description“perennial” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 61 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 50 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 13 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 1 km away. 11 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 61 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Viola cheiranthifolia, photograph 1did not loadViola cheiranthifolia, photograph 2did not loadViola cheiranthifolia, photograph 3did not loadViola cheiranthifolia, photograph 4did not loadViola cheiranthifolia, photograph 5did not loadViola cheiranthifolia, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: Marc Fradera-Soler, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF; Diego Alex, CC BY-SA, via GBIF; Alessia Guggisberg, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (2); Lídia Carrera, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (2).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Echium auberianum Echium auberianum Boraginaceae Photo: CC BY, Lídia Carrera Erigeron calderae Asteraceae Argyranthemum tenerifae Argyranthemum tenerifae Tenerife Daisy Photo: CC BY, Elizabete MarchanteHelianthemum juliae Helianthemum juliae Cistaceae Photo: CC BY, Diego González Dopico Rhaponticum canariense Asteraceae Crocus sieberi Crocus sieberi Sieber's crocus Photo: CC BY-SA, Grzegorz Grzejszczak

Other Viola 138 in the reference

Viola acuminata Viola acuminata Long-stem violet Photo: CC0, author not statedViola adunca Viola adunca Blue violet Photo: CC BY, Syd CanningsViola alba Viola alba Parma violet Photo: CC BY, Илья РуденкоViola albida Viola albida Taebaek violet Photo: CC0, author not statedViola alpina Viola alpina Violaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, xulescu_gViola altaica Viola altaica Altaic Violet Photo: CC BY, b166erViola anagae Viola anagae Violaceae Photo: CC BY, Phill RobinsonViola arborescens Viola arborescens Shrubby Violet Photo: CC BY, Teo AlbertViola arvensis Viola arvensis Field pansy Photo: CC0, author not statedViola atropurpurea Viola atropurpurea Violaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Grzegorz GrzejszczakViola bakeri Viola bakeri Baker's violet Photo: CC BY, Gail A BakerViola banksii Viola banksii Australian Native Violet Photo: CC0, author not stated all 139 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Mnemion cheiranthifolium; Viola canariensis; Viola teydea. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipedia

The record

Family
Violaceae
Described by
Bonpl.
Native to
Canary Is.
Wild records
61 in range · 13 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22GBIF's key 5663616 is Viola cheiranthifolia Humb. & Bonpl.; the page links Kew's Viola cheiranthifolia Bonpl., and the name is cited as Kew cites it
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 28.00_-16.875, lapse-corrected +1958 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: NASA POWER's cell is mostly sea (24% land), so no cold floor is shown
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikimedia Commons commons answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 10 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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