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Aria subfusca (Ledeb. ex Nordm.) Mosyakin, Fedor. & McNeill

Rosaceae · North Caucasus, Transcaucasus +1

English names not checked: Wikidata's common names were not read for this page.

Photographs not checked iNaturalist and GBIF media were skipped (not asked) when this page was built. Not asked, or not answered, is not "none": nothing here claims there is none. Why the site says it this way.
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Habitat figures
Coldest month, mean nightly low
-10.0°C
Jan at the habitat, not a floor; extremes not used (the weather cell's ground is too far off) CHELSA
Warmest month, mean daily high
18°C
Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
2,288mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
10–39DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Rain spread: 70% of the median year's rain takes 8 months, so no short rainy season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

About the genus · Aria

In music, an aria is a self-contained piece for one voice, with or without instrumental or orchestral accompaniment, normally part of a larger work.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Aria", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads no short rainy season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,663 mm of 2,291 mm) takes 8 months, September to February and May to June. Mean temperature moves 20.1 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: March to August and November to December.

Rain

2,291 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,663 mm of it September to February and May to June. Wettest month November at 248 mm, driest month August at 150 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,379 mm to 2,880 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 2,288 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 2,291 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 10 to 39 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 9, the highest 90th-percentile month 40).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low -10.0 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range -15.7 °C to -4.4 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 17.8 °C in August (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is -10.0 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, January, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell whose ground is too far above or below the typical spot to correct for, and are not used.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 59 to 63% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Aria subfusca through the yearWarmest month August, mean daily high 18 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low -10.0 °C; 2,291 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-20°-10°0°10°20°30°frost°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400mm rainDLI 10–39RH 59–63%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 21 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C-3 / -8–2-3 / -7–20 / -4–66 / 2–1211 / 7–1715 / 11–2017 / 15–2318 / 15–2315 / 11–2010 / 6–153 / -1–8-1 / -6–4
Night °C-10 / -16–-4-10 / -15–-4-7 / -11–-2-3 / -6–22 / -2–76 / 3–119 / 6–149 / 6–156 / 2–111 / -3–6-5 / -9–1-9 / -14–-3
Rain mm231 / 94–283168 / 86–241158 / 87–237159 / 120–224182 / 139–230181 / 132–207161 / 127–193150 / 124–173181 / 88–219228 / 117–271248 / 110–338244 / 88–312
DLI12 / 10–1518 / 16–2126 / 24–2933 / 30–3536 / 35–3939 / 37–4039 / 37–4035 / 33–3628 / 26–2920 / 18–2213 / 12–1610 / 9–12
RH %62 / 60–6461 / 59–6461 / 59–6361 / 59–6362 / 61–6463 / 62–6562 / 61–6561 / 61–6461 / 59–6260 / 59–6259 / 58–6260 / 59–63

The daily extremes were not used: the correction for elevation, +1250 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's. So no cold floor is read for this species, and the coldest month's mean nightly low is not taken as one. What that cell gave, so corrected, over 44 years: absolute minimum -21.1 °C, 1st-percentile night -13.8 °C.

How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 21 grid cells holding the 28 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 925:4402 (43.725, 40.125). Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 21 distinct grid cells holding 28 of the 28 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 925:4402 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 43.50_40.000, lapse-corrected +1250 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 1786 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.

This species has no GBIF key of its own. Its records are GBIF's under the key of the name Kew's World Checklist holds as this plant: 3012292 (Sorbus subfusca (Ledeb. ex Nordm.) Boiss., 84 records). No name was matched to GBIF; the keys are read from Kew's synonymy. How.

NativeNorth Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Turkey · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker43.662, 40.395 · in the densest population, 36 records (58% of those in range)
Kew's description“tree” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 62 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 28 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 54 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 3 km away. 34 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
Other GBIF keysRecords also from GBIF's key 3012292 (Sorbus subfusca (Ledeb. ex Nordm.) Boiss.): Kew's file holds it as Sorbus subfusca (Ledeb. ex Nordm.) Boiss. (synonym under Aria subfusca (Ledeb. ex Nordm.) Mosyakin, Fedor. & McNeill); 84 records, from GBIF's download.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 62 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Not checked. iNaturalist and GBIF media were skipped (not asked) when this page was built. Not a statement that none exist.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Inula magnifica Inula magnifica Giant Fleabane Photo: CC BY, Maria KohanovskayaHypericum bithynicum Hypericum bithynicum Hypericaceae Photo: CC BY, Katrin SimonGeranium psilostemon Geranium psilostemon Armenian crane's-bill Photo: CC BY, Fiona Chan-Cary Arafoe aromatica Apiaceae Delphinium pyramidatum Ranunculaceae Scutellaria pontica Scutellaria pontica Trebizondian Skullcap Photo: CC BY, Aleksandr Novikov

Other Aria 24 in the reference

Aria bristoliensis Rosaceae Aria chamaemespilus Aria chamaemespilus Rosaceae Photo: CC BY, Robert Flogaus-FaustAria colchica Aria colchica Rosaceae Photo: CC BY, Владимир Дворкин Aria croceocarpa Rosaceae Aria danubialis Aria danubialis Rosaceae Photo: CC BY, Vladimír Fuka Aria decipiens Rosaceae Aria devoniensis Rosaceae Aria edulis Aria edulis Whitebeam Photo: CC BY, Vincenzo Lattanzi Aria eminens Round-leaved Whitebeam Aria graeca Aria graeca Grecian Whitebeam Photo: CC BY, Илья РуденкоAria hibernica Aria hibernica Irish Whitebeam Photo: CC BY, Jamie O'NeillAria lancastriensis Aria lancastriensis Lancashire Whitebeam Photo: CC0, author not stated all 25 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Pyrus mars; Aria velutina; Aria szovitsii; Crataegus subfusca; Pyrus subfusca and 22 more. (WCVP, RBG Kew)

IPNIPOWO

The record

Family
Rosaceae
Described by
(Ledeb. ex Nordm.) Mosyakin, Fedor. & McNeill
Native to
North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Turkey
Wild records
62 in range · 54 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
Kew's names (WCVP) kew.names answeredas of 2026-06-04Kew's entry Aria subfusca (Ledeb. ex Nordm.) Mosyakin, Fedor. & McNeill (plant_name_id 3322956), read from Kew's names file
GBIF species record gbif.species not askedGBIF's backbone holds no one accepted species of this name, and a name it holds only as another species' synonym is not taken for this one, so GBIF's records were not asked
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms not askedGBIF's backbone holds no one accepted species of this name, and a name it holds only as another species' synonym is not taken for this one, so GBIF's records were not asked
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular not askedGBIF's backbone holds no one accepted species of this name, and a name it holds only as another species' synonym is not taken for this one, so GBIF's records were not asked
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21this species has no GBIF key of its own; its records are read under GBIF's keys for the names Kew's file holds as this plant, never by a name matched; GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 84 records of GBIF's key 3012292, Sorbus subfusca (Ledeb. ex Nordm.) Boiss. (Kew's file holds it as Sorbus subfusca (Ledeb. ex Nordm.) Boiss. (synonym under Aria subfusca (Ledeb. ex Nordm.) Mosyakin, Fedor. & McNeill)): the GBIF download
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 43.50_40.000, lapse-corrected +1250 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: the correction for elevation, +1250 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's, so no cold floor is shown
Wikidata wikidata nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22no item carries Kew's IPNI identifier 77371602-1, POWO 77371602-1
Wikipedia wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media not askedGBIF's backbone holds no one accepted species of this name, and a name it holds only as another species' synonym is not taken for this one, so GBIF's records were not asked
Wikimedia Commons commons nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 9 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

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