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Brachychiton paradoxus; photograph (c) Karl Tattersall, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) CC BY-SA(c) Karl Tattersall, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) · observed growing wild · 2023-07-27

Brachychiton paradoxus Schott & Endl.

Red-flower kurrajong; Red-flowered Kurrajong

Malvaceae · Northern Territory, Queensland

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Brachychiton paradoxus, photograph (c) yatesy, some rights reserved (CC BY)Brachychiton paradoxus, photograph (c) yatesy, some rights reserved (CC BY)Brachychiton paradoxus, photograph (c) Karl Tattersall, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)Brachychiton paradoxus, photograph (c) Karl Tattersall, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)Brachychiton paradoxus, photograph (c) Karl Tattersall, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)Brachychiton paradoxus, photograph (c) Karl Tattersall, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) 14 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
13.7°C
Record low 10.2 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
36°C
Oct and Nov at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
1,064mm
6 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
32–45DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes June to September (December to March at the habitat), read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Brachychiton paradoxus, commonly known as the red-flowered kurrajong, is a small tree of the genus Brachychiton found in northern Australia. It was originally classified in the family Sterculiaceae, which is now within Malvaceae.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Brachychiton paradoxus", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Brachychiton

Brachychiton is a genus of 31 species of trees and large shrubs, native to Australia and New Guinea. Fossils from New South Wales and New Zealand are estimated to be 50 million years old, corresponding to the Paleogene.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Brachychiton", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (838 mm of 1,006 mm) falls in December to March, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 28.4 °C against a yearly mean of 26.7 °C). Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; shifted six months for a northern-hemisphere collection: June to September.

Rain

1,006 mm in the median year at the habitat, 838 mm of it December to March. Wettest month February at 242 mm, driest month August at 1 mm; 4 months under 5 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 767 mm to 1,566 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,064 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,006 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, southern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 32 to 45 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 28, the highest 90th-percentile month 47).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 13.7 °C, the absolute minimum 10.2 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 42.1 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 16.5 °C in July (across the grid cells of the range 14.0 °C to 21.7 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 36.1 °C in October (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 13.7 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 49 to 63% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -19 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, southern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Brachychiton paradoxus through the yearWarmest months October and November, mean daily high 36 °C; coldest month July, mean nightly low 16.5 °C; 1,006 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, southern hemisphere.0°10°20°30°40°50°42.1° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER10.2° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400mm rainDLI 32–45RH 49–63%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 903 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C33 / 30–3432 / 30–3332 / 29–3332 / 29–3331 / 28–3228 / 26–3028 / 25–3031 / 25–3234 / 27–3536 / 29–3736 / 30–3734 / 31–36
Night °C25 / 24–2725 / 24–2724 / 23–2623 / 21–2620 / 18–2517 / 15–2317 / 14–2218 / 16–2221 / 19–2324 / 22–2525 / 24–2725 / 25–27
Rain mm241 / 194–367242 / 204–333177 / 104–28653 / 20–16710 / 3–423 / 1–112 / 1–81 / 0–44 / 3–1123 / 16–4472 / 47–130178 / 122–265
DLI39 / 34–4036 / 32–3837 / 34–3837 / 33–3834 / 31–3532 / 28–3333 / 30–3538 / 36–3943 / 41–4445 / 44–4745 / 42–4742 / 37–44
RH %62 / 58–6663 / 60–6661 / 55–6556 / 48–6252 / 46–6050 / 45–5949 / 44–6049 / 42–6151 / 42–6352 / 44–6155 / 48–6159 / 54–63
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 903 grid cells on land that hold in-range records (1626 records in those cells; 3 more cells hold records but no land by the elevation layer, so those records sit at sea and the cells are left out), with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 2063:6296 (-13.175, 134.825). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 10.2 °C, 1st-percentile night 13.7 °C, 99th-percentile day 42.1 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 903 distinct grid cells holding 1626 of the 1630 in-range records (3 further cells with records at sea, by the elevation layer, left out); extremes and elevation at the typical cell 2063:6296 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -13.00_135.000, lapse-corrected -19 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 66 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeNorthern Territory, Queensland · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker-13.059, 136.529 · in the densest population, 1312 records (78% of those in range)
Kew's description“tree” · “seasonally dry tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 1686 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 1626 of them in the land cells it reads, of 1630 placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 1648 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 1 km away. 3 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 56 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 2° block of the 1686 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Brachychiton paradoxus, photograph 1did not loadBrachychiton paradoxus, photograph 2did not loadBrachychiton paradoxus, photograph 3did not loadBrachychiton paradoxus, photograph 4did not loadBrachychiton paradoxus, photograph 5did not loadBrachychiton paradoxus, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) yatesy, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Karl Tattersall, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) (4).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Brachychiton diversifolius Brachychiton diversifolius Northern kurrajong Photo: CC BY, Roland MuenchEucalyptus bigalerita Eucalyptus bigalerita Northern Salmon Gum Photo: CC BY, Roland MuenchEriocaulon cinereum Eriocaulon cinereum Ashy pipewort Photo: CC BY, Alan BellErythrophleum chlorostachys Erythrophleum chlorostachys Cooktown ironwood Photo: CC BY, Thomas MesaglioGrevillea dryandri Grevillea dryandri Dryander's grevillea Photo: CC BY, yatesyTrichosanthes cucumerina Trichosanthes cucumerina Snakegourd Photo: CC BY, Malaika Mathew Chawla

Other Brachychiton 12 in the reference

Brachychiton acerifolius Brachychiton acerifolius Illawarra Flame Tree Photo: CC BY, Ashwin SrinivasanBrachychiton australis Brachychiton australis Broadleaf bottletree Photo: CC BY, Ian DickieBrachychiton bidwillii Brachychiton bidwillii Little kurrajong Photo: CC BY-SA, Greg TasneyBrachychiton compactus Brachychiton compactus Malvaceae Photo: CC BY, Queensland HerbariumBrachychiton discolor Brachychiton discolor Hat-tree Photo: CC BY, Rosario DouglasBrachychiton diversifolius Brachychiton diversifolius Northern kurrajong Photo: CC BY, Roland Muench Brachychiton × excellens Malvaceae Brachychiton gregorii Brachychiton gregorii Desert Kurrajong Photo: CC BY, Malcolm SimardBrachychiton megaphyllus Brachychiton megaphyllus Red-flowering kurrajong Photo: CC BY, Stella FishBrachychiton populneus Brachychiton populneus Kurrajong Photo: CC BY, Lucas ChristofidesBrachychiton rupestris Brachychiton rupestris Queensland Bottle Tree Photo: CC BY, Wairambar RainforestBrachychiton velutinosus Brachychiton velutinosus Brush kurrajong Photo: CC BY-SA, Steve Fitzgerald

Names & registers

Also known as Brachychiton paradoxus subsp. pubescens; Brachychiton paradoxus var. pubescens; Brachychiton pubescens; Brachychiton ramiflorum; Clompanus paradoxa and 3 more. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Malvaceae
Described by
Schott & Endl.
Native to
Northern Territory, Queensland
Wild records
1686 in range · 1648 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-21
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-21names fetched 2026-10-21
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 4 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (4 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-21
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-21NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -13.00_135.000, lapse-corrected -19 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-21
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-21
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-21
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 22 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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