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Combretum rotundifolium; photograph Joëlle T, CC BY-SA, via GBIF CC BY-SAJoëlle T, CC BY-SA, via GBIF

Combretum rotundifolium Rich.

Combretaceae · French Guiana, Guyana +8

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Combretum rotundifolium, photograph (c) fmunoz, some rights reserved (CC BY)Combretum rotundifolium, photograph muck puk, CC BY-SA, via GBIFCombretum rotundifolium, photograph muck puk, CC BY-SA, via GBIFCombretum rotundifolium, photograph muck puk, CC BY-SA, via GBIFCombretum rotundifolium, photograph muck puk, CC BY-SA, via GBIFCombretum rotundifolium, photograph co lemoine, CC BY-SA, via GBIF 19 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Coldest month, mean nightly low
21.9°C
Jul at the habitat, not a floor; extremes not used (the weather cell's ground is too far off) CHELSA
Warmest month, mean daily high
32°C
Oct at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
2,492mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
26–39DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in the habitat's months, not shifted
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
A sharp rainy season, January to July (the habitat's months, not shifted), in a year of even temperature. rain rule, CHELSA
Not shifted: the shift rule does not apply to this habitat. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Combretum rotundifolium, the monkey brush or monkey brush vine, is a plant species in the genus Combretum found in South America.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Combretum rotundifolium", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Combretum

Combretum, the bushwillows or combretums, make up the type genus of the family Combretaceae. The genus comprises about 272 species of trees and shrubs, most of which are native to tropical and southern Africa, about 5 to Madagascar, but there are others that are native to tropical Asia, New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago, Australia, and tropical America.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Combretum", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a sharp season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,926 mm of 2,526 mm) falls in January to July. The temperature curve is flat, 1.7 °C between the warmest and coldest month, so the growing-season rule does not infer a growing season from it. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere. The habitat lies within 10° of the equator, where the shift rule does not apply, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.

Rain

2,526 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,926 mm of it January to July. Wettest month May at 360 mm, driest month September at 73 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 2,133 mm to 3,424 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 2,492 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 2,526 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 26 to 39 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 24, the highest 90th-percentile month 41).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 21.9 °C in July (across the grid cells of the range 21.1 °C to 23.0 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 31.6 °C in October (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 21.9 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, July, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell whose ground is too far above or below the typical spot to correct for, and are not used.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 64 to 70% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Combretum rotundifolium through the yearWarmest month October, mean daily high 32 °C; coldest month July, mean nightly low 21.9 °C; 2,526 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.20°25°30°35°°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400500600mm rainDLI 26–39RH 64–70%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 48 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C29 / 27–3029 / 28–3129 / 28–3029 / 28–3029 / 28–2929 / 27–2929 / 28–2930 / 29–3131 / 29–3332 / 30–3431 / 29–3229 / 28–30
Night °C22 / 22–2323 / 22–2423 / 22–2423 / 22–2423 / 22–2422 / 22–2322 / 21–2322 / 21–2323 / 22–2423 / 22–2423 / 22–2423 / 22–24
Rain mm259 / 59–411226 / 105–320251 / 110–336310 / 214–427360 / 302–550306 / 193–429214 / 142–324132 / 86–24173 / 47–23275 / 56–225120 / 75–190200 / 116–365
DLI27 / 26–3328 / 27–3431 / 27–3529 / 25–3226 / 24–2827 / 24–2931 / 25–3335 / 30–3739 / 32–4138 / 32–4033 / 31–3529 / 27–32
RH %67 / 59–7166 / 61–7065 / 63–7068 / 65–7270 / 68–7270 / 68–7268 / 66–7166 / 62–6964 / 58–6864 / 58–6866 / 60–6967 / 64–70

The daily extremes were not used: the record low, 22 °C, is warmer than the coldest month's mean nightly low across the range, 21.9 °C, which no night series of the habitat can give. So no cold floor is read for this species, and the coldest month's mean nightly low is not taken as one. What that cell gave, so corrected, over 44 years: absolute minimum 22.0 °C, 1st-percentile night 23.5 °C.

How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 48 grid cells holding the 57 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1714:2556 (4.275, -52.175). Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 48 distinct grid cells holding 57 of the 57 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1714:2556 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 4.50_-51.875, lapse-corrected +5 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 25 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeFrench Guiana, Guyana, Surinam, Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil Northeast, Brazil North · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker4.58, -52.4 · in the densest population, 194 records (66% of those in range)
Kew's description“scrambling shrub” · “wet tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 293 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 57 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 232 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 133 km away. 47 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 236 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 293 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Combretum rotundifolium, photograph 1did not loadCombretum rotundifolium, photograph 2did not loadCombretum rotundifolium, photograph 3did not loadCombretum rotundifolium, photograph 4did not loadCombretum rotundifolium, photograph 5did not loadCombretum rotundifolium, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) fmunoz, some rights reserved (CC BY); muck puk, CC BY-SA, via GBIF (4); co lemoine, CC BY-SA, via GBIF.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Dianthera calycina Dianthera calycina Acanthaceae Photo: CC BY, Guillaume DelaitreHeliconia acuminata Heliconia acuminata False Bird-of-paradise Photo: CC BY, Cody HinchliffPlatonia insignis Platonia insignis Bacury Photo: CC BY-SA, Rodrigo AgostinhoPhilodendron linnaei Philodendron linnaei Araceae Photo: CC BY, Guillaume DelaitrePassiflora coccinea Passiflora coccinea Scarlet passionflower Photo: CC BY, Guillaume DelaitreGoeppertia elliptica Goeppertia elliptica Marantaceae Photo: CC BY, Gerry van Tonder

Other Combretum 28 in the reference

Combretum afrum Combretum afrum Combretaceae Photo: CC BY, Christiaan ViljoenCombretum albidum Combretum albidum Combretaceae Photo: CC BY, Ravuri Krishna ChaitanyaCombretum apiculatum Combretum apiculatum Red bushwillow Photo: CC BY-SA, Rebecca Ryen-StolsCombretum bracteosum Combretum bracteosum Hiccup-nut Photo: CC BY-SA, Margaret BurgerCombretum celastroides Combretum celastroides Jesse-bush Combretum Photo: CC BY, Mathew ReesCombretum coccineum Combretum coccineum Combretaceae Photo: CC BY, jeanjacquesgodonCombretum collinum Combretum collinum Combretaceae Photo: CC0, rosshawkinsCombretum constrictum Combretum constrictum Powderpuff Combretum Photo: CC BY, Thorsten HackbarthCombretum densiflorum Combretum densiflorum Combretaceae Photo: CC BY, Nguyen-Khanh-Trinh TramCombretum erythrophyllum Combretum erythrophyllum Bush-willow Photo: CC0, author not statedCombretum falcatum Combretum falcatum Combretaceae Photo: CC BY, Julien RenoultCombretum farinosum Combretum farinosum Combretaceae Photo: CC BY, Andrea Gantzer all 29 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Combretum aubletii; Combretum basslerianum; Combretum elegans; Combretum guianense; Combretum laxum and 3 more. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Combretaceae
Described by
Rich.
Native to
French Guiana, Guyana, Surinam +7
Wild records
293 in range · 232 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-21
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-21names fetched 2026-10-21
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 7 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (7 at a botanic garden or arboretum; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-21
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-21NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 4.50_-51.875, lapse-corrected +5 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: the record low, 22 °C, is warmer than the coldest month's mean nightly low across the range, 21.9 °C, which no night series of the habitat can give, so no cold floor is shown
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-21found by its label; its IPNI identifier 170434-1 is Kew's for Combretum rotundifolium Rich.
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-21
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-21
Wikimedia Commons commons answeredasked 2026-10-21
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 51 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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