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Costus amazonicus; photograph Dick Culbert from Gibsons, B.C., Canada, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons CC BYDick Culbert from Gibsons, B.C., Canada, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Costus amazonicus (Loes.) J.F.Macbr.

Costaceae · Colombia, Ecuador +3 · listed by its genus as a tropical foliage plant

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Costus amazonicus, photograph Dick Culbert from Gibsons, B.C., Canada, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons 2 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
16.9°C
Record low 10.8 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
29°C
Jan, Feb, Mar, Oct and Dec at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
3,130mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
23–34DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in the habitat's months, not shifted
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Rain spread: 70% of the median year's rain takes 8 months, so no short rainy season. rain rule, CHELSA
Not shifted: the shift rule does not apply to this habitat. The chart is in the habitat's months.

About the genus · Costus

Costus is a genus of herbaceous perennial plants in the family Costaceae, described by Linnaeus in 1753. It is widespread through tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Costus", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Grouped as a tropical foliage plant, listed under the genus Costus in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “rhizomatous geophyte”, “wet tropical”.

Seasons

The rain rule reads no short rainy season: 70% of the median year's rain (2,289 mm of 3,201 mm) takes 8 months, February to July and November to December. Mean temperature moves 1.8 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere. The habitat lies within 10° of the equator, where the shift rule does not apply, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.

Rain

3,201 mm in the median year at the habitat, 2,289 mm of it February to July and November to December. Wettest month May at 336 mm, driest month August at 211 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,764 mm to 4,721 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 3,130 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 3,201 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 23 to 34 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 22, the highest 90th-percentile month 36).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 16.9 °C, the absolute minimum 10.8 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 37.9 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 20.6 °C in July (across the grid cells of the range 15.6 °C to 21.9 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 29.1 °C in January (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 16.9 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 68 to 71% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -43 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Group. Listed under the genus Costus in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “rhizomatous geophyte”, “wet tropical”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Costus amazonicus through the yearWarmest months January, February, March, October and December, mean daily high 29 °C; coldest month July, mean nightly low 20.6 °C; 3,201 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.5°10°15°20°25°30°35°40°37.9° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER10.8° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400500600mm rainDLI 23–34RH 68–71%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 24 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C29 / 25–3029 / 25–2929 / 25–3028 / 25–2928 / 24–2827 / 23–2827 / 22–2828 / 23–3028 / 24–3029 / 25–3028 / 25–2929 / 25–29
Night °C22 / 18–2322 / 18–2322 / 18–2322 / 18–2322 / 17–2321 / 17–2221 / 16–2221 / 15–2222 / 16–2322 / 17–2322 / 17–2322 / 18–23
Rain mm232 / 116–341254 / 161–344304 / 205–384327 / 195–507336 / 147–471290 / 94–450254 / 62–383211 / 69–298232 / 103–349237 / 127–400254 / 120–369270 / 136–374
DLI31 / 30–3330 / 29–3229 / 29–3227 / 26–3025 / 24–2723 / 22–2625 / 24–2829 / 28–3333 / 30–3534 / 31–3631 / 29–3531 / 30–33
RH %68 / 65–7169 / 65–7270 / 66–7271 / 67–7371 / 67–7270 / 67–7469 / 64–7368 / 63–7268 / 64–7269 / 65–7271 / 67–7369 / 66–72
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 24 grid cells holding the 25 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1956:2158 (-7.825, -72.075). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 10.8 °C, 1st-percentile night 16.9 °C, 99th-percentile day 37.9 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 24 distinct grid cells holding 25 of the 25 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1956:2158 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -8.00_-71.875, lapse-corrected -43 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 195 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeColombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil West-Central, Brazil North · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker0.038, -76.742 · in the densest population, 57 records (45% of those in range)
Kew's description“rhizomatous geophyte” · “wet tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 126 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 25 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 88 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 141 km away. 3 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 101 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 2° block of the 126 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Costus amazonicus, photograph 1did not load

Photographs: Dick Culbert from Gibsons, B.C., Canada, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Anthurium polyschistum Anthurium polyschistum Araceae Photo: CC BY, Alan Rockefeller Dieffenbachia cannifolia Araceae Heliconia stricta Heliconia stricta Fire Bird Photo: CC BY, Daniel NicholsonTrichostigma peruvianum Trichostigma peruvianum Phytolaccaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Kurt StüberScaphyglottis boliviensis Scaphyglottis boliviensis Orchidaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Dalton Holland BaptistaBegonia maynensis Begonia maynensis Begoniaceae Photo: CC BY, Nolan Exe

Other Costus 40 in the reference

Costus acreanus Costaceae Costus afer Costus afer Spiral-ginger Photo: CC BY, Philippe HornusCostus allenii Costus allenii Costaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, David J. StangCostus arabicus Costus arabicus Costaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Divya MudappaCostus atlanticus Costus atlanticus Costaceae Photo: CC BY, Diogo LuizCostus barbatus Costus barbatus Costaceae Photo: CC BY, Eduardo Chacón MadrigalCostus claviger Costus claviger Costaceae Photo: CC BY, thomas_oswaldCostus comosus Costus comosus Red tower ginger Photo: CC BY, Thomas MesaglioCostus curvibracteatus Costus curvibracteatus Costaceae Photo: CC BY, Ong Jyh SengCostus dirzoi Costus dirzoi Costaceae Photo: CC BY, Alexis López HernándezCostus dubius Costus dubius Costus Photo: CC BY, Kevin FaccendaCostus elegans Costus elegans Costaceae Photo: CC BY, Juan Martínez Reina all 41 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Costus malortieanus var. amazonicus. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataiNaturalist

The record

Family
Costaceae
Described by
(Loes.) J.F.Macbr.
Native to
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru +2
Wild records
126 in range · 88 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-21
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-21names fetched 2026-10-21
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-21
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-21NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -8.00_-71.875, lapse-corrected -43 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-21IPNI and POWO linked by Kew's number for Costus amazonicus (Loes.) J.F.Macbr. (the item's: IPNI 872282-1, POWO 66817-2)
Wikipedia wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-21
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media nothing to reportasked 2026-10-21
Wikimedia Commons commons answeredasked 2026-10-21
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 25 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

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