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Crinum macowanii; photograph (c) i_c_riddell, some rights reserved (CC BY) CC BY(c) i_c_riddell, some rights reserved (CC BY) · observed growing wild · 2025-11-16

Crinum macowanii Baker

Pyjama lily; Cape Coast Lily; Cape Coast Swamplily; Cape Lily

Amaryllidaceae · Zaïre, Eritrea +19 · listed by its family as a bulb, tuber or caudex

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Crinum macowanii, photograph (c) Brendan Smith, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)Crinum macowanii, photograph (c) Brendan Smith, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)Crinum macowanii, photograph (c) i_c_riddell, some rights reserved (CC BY)Crinum macowanii, photograph (c) i_c_riddell, some rights reserved (CC BY)Crinum macowanii, photograph (c) Sunčana Bradley, some rights reserved (CC BY)Crinum macowanii, photograph (c) Sunčana Bradley, some rights reserved (CC BY) 60 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
7.3°C
Record low 3.4 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
27°C
Jan and Feb at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
841mm
8 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
24–39DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes May to September (November to March at the habitat), read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Crinum macowanii is a species of flowering plant in the Amaryllidaceae family. It is a deciduous bulbous plant species native to Africa that has been used in traditional medicine throughout southern Africa.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Crinum macowanii", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Crinum

Crinum is a genus of about 180 species of perennial plants that have large showy flowers on leafless stems, and develop from bulbs. They are found in seasonally moist areas, including marshes, swamps, depressions and along the sides of streams and lakes in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Crinum", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Grouped as a bulb, tuber or caudex, listed under the family Amaryllidaceae in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “bulbous geophyte”.

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (565 mm of 776 mm) falls in November to March, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 22.1 °C against a yearly mean of 19.2 °C). Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; shifted six months for a northern-hemisphere collection: May to September.

Rain

776 mm in the median year at the habitat, 565 mm of it November to March. Wettest month January at 128 mm, driest month July at 11 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 509 mm to 1,147 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 841 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 776 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, southern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 24 to 39 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 20, the highest 90th-percentile month 45).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 7.3 °C, the absolute minimum 3.4 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 39.0 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 8.7 °C in July (across the grid cells of the range 4.2 °C to 14.1 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 26.7 °C in January and February (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 7.3 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 54 to 62% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -8 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Group. Listed under the family Amaryllidaceae in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “bulbous geophyte”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, southern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Crinum macowanii through the yearWarmest months January and February, mean daily high 27 °C; coldest month July, mean nightly low 8.7 °C; 776 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, southern hemisphere.0°10°20°30°40°39.0° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER3.4° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 24–39RH 54–62%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 306 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C27 / 24–3127 / 24–3126 / 23–3024 / 21–2823 / 20–2621 / 17–2421 / 17–2422 / 19–2624 / 21–2825 / 22–2925 / 23–3026 / 23–31
Night °C18 / 14–2218 / 14–2217 / 14–2115 / 11–1912 / 8–179 / 5–159 / 4–1410 / 6–1512 / 9–1614 / 11–1816 / 13–1917 / 14–21
Rain mm128 / 77–197117 / 75–19193 / 60–14551 / 28–8319 / 11–5614 / 5–3911 / 2–3915 / 4–4728 / 8–7573 / 30–111106 / 68–146121 / 75–179
DLI39 / 36–4437 / 35–4234 / 31–3830 / 27–3526 / 23–3224 / 20–3025 / 21–3029 / 25–3634 / 29–4136 / 32–4337 / 34–4339 / 36–45
RH %61 / 56–6662 / 55–6661 / 56–6660 / 54–6457 / 51–6154 / 50–5854 / 49–5854 / 48–5955 / 47–6258 / 50–6460 / 54–6561 / 56–66
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 306 grid cells holding the 423 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 2301:4222 (-25.075, 31.125). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 3.4 °C, 1st-percentile night 7.3 °C, 99th-percentile day 39.0 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 306 distinct grid cells holding 423 of the 423 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 2301:4222 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -25.00_31.250, lapse-corrected -8 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 592 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeZaïre, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Cape Provinces, Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Swaziland, Northern Provinces, Seychelles · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker-29.625, 30.875 · in the densest population, 319 records (55% of those in range)
Kew's description“bulbous geophyte” · “seasonally dry tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 585 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 423 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 218 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 496 km away. 8 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 162 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 2° block of the 585 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Crinum macowanii, photograph 1did not loadCrinum macowanii, photograph 2did not loadCrinum macowanii, photograph 3did not loadCrinum macowanii, photograph 4did not loadCrinum macowanii, photograph 5did not loadCrinum macowanii, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) Brendan Smith, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) (2); (c) i_c_riddell, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Sunčana Bradley, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Ledebouria zebrina Ledebouria zebrina Giant African hyacinth Photo: CC BY, Sunčana BradleyHyperacanthus amoenus Hyperacanthus amoenus Spiny Gardenia Photo: CC BY, katuchkaErythrina lysistemon Erythrina lysistemon Common Coral Tree Photo: CC BY, Mahomed DesaiSchrebera alata Schrebera alata Wing-Leaved Wooden-Pea Photo: CC BY-SA, Tony RebeloHaemanthus pauculifolius Haemanthus pauculifolius Amaryllidaceae Photo: CC BY, Sunčana BradleyAnthocleista grandiflora Anthocleista grandiflora Forest fever-tree Photo: CC BY, Sunčana Bradley

Other Crinum 22 in the reference

Crinum × amabile Crinum × amabile Amaryllidaceae Photo: CC BY, Raúl A. Ruiz M.Crinum americanum Crinum americanum Seven sisters Photo: CC BY, Jody ShugartCrinum amoenum Crinum amoenum Amaryllidaceae Photo: CC BY, desertnaturalistCrinum asiaticum Crinum asiaticum Poisonbulb Photo: CC BY, ian_mcallan Crinum balfourii Amaryllidaceae Crinum bulbispermum Crinum bulbispermum Hardy swamplily Photo: CC0, author not statedCrinum calamistratum Crinum calamistratum Amaryllidaceae Photo: CC0, DaderotCrinum campanulatum Crinum campanulatum Albany Swamplily Photo: CC BY, Henry de LangeCrinum erubescens Crinum erubescens Amaryllidaceae Photo: CC0, author not stated Crinum firmifolium Amaryllidaceae Crinum flaccidum Crinum flaccidum Darling Lily Photo: CC BY-SA, Ruth PalssonCrinum graminicola Crinum graminicola Grass Crinum Photo: CC0, author not stated all 23 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Crinum corradii; Crinum gouwsii; Crinum johnstonii; Crinum macowanii subsp. confusum; Crinum macowanii subsp. kalahariense and 1 more. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Amaryllidaceae
Described by
Baker
Native to
Zaïre, Eritrea, Ethiopia +18
Wild records
585 in range · 218 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 23 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (20 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 3 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -25.00_31.250, lapse-corrected -8 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 18 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…