49 photographs › At a glance
- Jan
- Feb, under 5 mm of rain
- Mar, under 5 mm of rain
- Apr, under 5 mm of rain
- May, under 5 mm of rain
- Jun, under 5 mm of rain
- Jul
- Aug, shaded
- Sep, shaded
- Oct, shaded
- Nov
- Dec
From few records: 7 records in 3 grid cells. The records.
Summary
Echium stenosiphon is a plant species of the family Boraginaceae. The species is endemic to Cape Verde. Its local name is língua-de-vaca (cow tongue), a name that may also refer to the related species Echium vulcanorum and Echium hypertropicum. The plant is used in traditional medicinal for a cough syrup.
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Echium stenosiphon", CC BY-SA 4.0.
About the genus · Echium
Echium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae that contains about 70 species and several subspecies.
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Echium", CC BY-SA 4.0.
Cultivation
Seasons
The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (156 mm of 195 mm) falls in August to October, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 24.9 °C against a yearly mean of 22.9 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: February to April.
Rain
195 mm in the median year at the habitat, 156 mm of it August to October. Wettest month September at 82 mm, driest months (4 at 1 mm); 5 months under 5 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 163 mm to 225 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 221 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 195 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.
Light
Open sky over the habitat: 29 to 46 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 25, the highest 90th-percentile month 46).
Warmth and air
Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 20.1 °C in February (across the grid cells of the range 19.1 °C to 20.4 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 25.7 °C in September (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 20.1 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, February, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell that is mostly sea and are not used.
Relative humidity at the habitat: 59 to 66% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
How this section is made
Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.
Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.
Climate across the habitat
From few records: this habitat climate is read from 7 records in 3 grid cells; a page says so under 12 records or 5 cells, and shows the figures as read.
Habitat months, northern hemisphere
Mean daily high from 21 °C in Jan, Feb and Mar to 26 °C in Sep; mean nightly low from 20 °C in Feb and Mar to 25 °C in Sep and Oct. The cold quarter, Jan to Mar, is the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low, centred on the 2 months in a row that tie for it. 195 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added), the wettest month Sep. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 3 habitat cells. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.
Figures by month
| Figure | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 21 / 20–22 | 21 / 20–22 | 21 / 20–22 | 22 / 22–22 | 23 / 22–23 | 24 / 23–25 | 25 / 24–25 | 25 / 25–26 | 26 / 25–26 | 25 / 24–26 | 24 / 23–25 | 23 / 21–24 |
| Night °C | 21 / 19–21 | 20 / 19–20 | 20 / 19–21 | 21 / 21–21 | 22 / 21–23 | 23 / 22–24 | 24 / 23–24 | 24 / 24–25 | 25 / 24–25 | 25 / 23–25 | 24 / 22–24 | 22 / 20–22 |
| Rain mm | 5 / 5–8 | 3 / 2–5 | 1 / 1–2 | 1 / 1–2 | 1 | 1 | 11 / 9–13 | 45 / 36–73 | 82 / 64–85 | 29 / 20–29 | 9 / 7–15 | 7 / 4–13 |
| DLI | 31 / 27–33 | 36 / 33–37 | 42 / 40–43 | 44 / 43–45 | 46 / 45–46 | 45 / 44–45 | 42 / 41–42 | 40 / 40–41 | 39 / 38–40 | 37 / 34–38 | 33 / 29–34 | 29 / 25–31 |
| RH % | 59 / 56–61 | 61 / 54–62 | 62 / 54–63 | 61 / 56–64 | 62 / 56–66 | 64 / 56–67 | 64 / 62–67 | 66 / 65–68 | 64 / 64–67 | 63 / 59–65 | 61 / 56–63 | 59 / 57–61 |
The daily extremes were read at a NASA POWER cell that is 44% land: neither it nor the next candidates whose coldest month's mean nightly low is within 2 °C of the median across cells sit in a POWER cell that is mostly land, and the rule reads a cold floor only from a cell that is mostly land, so none is read for this species. Nor is the coldest month's mean nightly low taken as one: it is a mean of a month's lows, not its coldest night. What that cell gave over 44 years: absolute minimum 18.2 °C, 1st-percentile night 19.2 °C, 99th-percentile day 28.9 °C.
How this section is made
Natural habitat
How this section is made
Photographs
Photographs: (c) Julius P, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3); (c) Malcolm Gould, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3).
Related
Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.
Dracaena caboverdeana Asparagaceae Photo: CC BY, William Stephens
Cynanchum daltonii Apocynaceae Photo: CC BY, Malcolm Gould
Euphorbia tuckeyana Euphorbiaceae Photo: CC BY, Julius P
Echium hypertropicum Boraginaceae Photo: CC BY, Julius P
Campanula jacobaea Cape Verde Blue Bellflower Photo: CC BY, Milan Chytrý
Aeonium gorgoneum Cape Verde Tree Houseleek Photo: CC BY, Jacek PietruszewskiOther Echium 32 in the reference
Echium acanthocarpum Blue bugloss Photo: CC BY, Ismael Medina Rodríguez
Echium aculeatum Boraginaceae Photo: CC BY, Vítor Jorge
Echium amoenum Boraginaceae Photo: Public domain, خودم(Ram!n)
Echium angustifolium Boraginaceae Photo: CC BY, natomik
Echium auberianum Boraginaceae Photo: CC BY, Lídia Carrera
Echium boissieri Boraginaceae Photo: CC0, author not stated
Echium brevirame Boraginaceae Photo: CC BY, Juan Rodríguez
Echium callithyrsum Boraginaceae Photo: CC BY, fmunoz
Echium candicans Pride of Madeira Photo: CC BY, Thomas Koffel
Echium creticum Cretan viper's bugloss Photo: CC BY, Julia Moning
Echium decaisnei Boraginaceae Photo: CC BY, Christoph Moning
Echium giganteum Boraginaceae Photo: CC0, author not stated all 33 ›Names & registers
The record
Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →
Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21climate answeredasked 2026-10-22climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 17.00_-25.000, lapse-corrected -90 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: NASA POWER's cell is mostly sea (44% land), so no cold floor is shownwikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22inat.photos.cultivated not askedgbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshotEvery source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 10 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.