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Geranium tuberosum; photograph (c) Marios Thoma, some rights reserved (CC BY) CC BY(c) Marios Thoma, some rights reserved (CC BY) · observed growing wild · 2026-03-07

Geranium tuberosum L.

Tuberous cranesbill

Geraniaceae · France, Albania +22 · listed by its genus as a temperate garden plant

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Geranium tuberosum, photograph (c) yelena_antipova, some rights reserved (CC BY)Geranium tuberosum, photograph (c) Marios Thoma, some rights reserved (CC BY)Geranium tuberosum, photograph (c) Marios Thoma, some rights reserved (CC BY)Geranium tuberosum, photograph (c) Marios Thoma, some rights reserved (CC BY)Geranium tuberosum, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedGeranium tuberosum, photograph (c) SIA, some rights reserved (CC BY) 65 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-8.2°C
Record low -16.8 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
29°C
Jul and Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
603mm
9 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
14–48DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet winters: the rain comes November to March and May, read as a winter growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Geranium tuberosum, the tuberous-rooted cranesbill, is a species of flowering plant in the family Geraniaceae. It is native to the Mediterranean region, the Caucasus, and western Asia. The Royal Horticultural Society considers it a good plant to attract pollinators, and it is widely available from commercial suppliers. There are a number of cultivars available, including 'Rosie's Mauve' and 'Richard Hobbs'.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Geranium tuberosum", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Geranium

Geranium is a genus of 422 species of annual, biennial, and perennial plants that are commonly known as geraniums, hardy geraniums, or cranesbills. They are found throughout the temperate regions of the world and the mountains of the tropics, with the greatest diversity in the eastern part of the Mediterranean region.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Geranium", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Grouped as a temperate garden plant, listed under the genus Geranium in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “rhizomatous geophyte”, “temperate”.

Seasons

The rain rule reads a winter growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (392 mm of 538 mm) falls in November to March and May, cooler than the year (wet-season mean 6.9 °C against a yearly mean of 13.0 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: May to September and November.

Rain

538 mm in the median year at the habitat, 392 mm of it November to March and May. Wettest month December at 83 mm, driest months (2 at 12 mm). Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 406 mm to 960 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 603 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 538 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 14 to 48 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 6, the highest 90th-percentile month 51).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -8.2 °C, the absolute minimum -16.8 °C, 2,879 frost nights in 44 years, 65.4 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 32.7 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 0.2 °C in February (across the grid cells of the range -8.2 °C to 8.2 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 29.0 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -8.2 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 54 to 60% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -3 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Group. Listed under the genus Geranium in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “rhizomatous geophyte”, “temperate”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Geranium tuberosum through the yearWarmest months July and August, mean daily high 29 °C; coldest month February, mean nightly low 0.2 °C; 538 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°frost32.7° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-16.8° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 14–48RH 54–60%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 540 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C6 / 0–156 / 0–1610 / 5–1916 / 11–2421 / 16–2726 / 21–3129 / 25–3329 / 25–3324 / 21–3119 / 15–2712 / 7–227 / 2–17
Night °C1 / -9–80 / -8–83 / -4–107 / 1–1312 / 6–1616 / 10–1919 / 13–2219 / 13–2216 / 10–2111 / 5–186 / -1–142 / -6–10
Rain mm77 / 32–17868 / 28–15459 / 32–10439 / 18–9240 / 6–7728 / 1–6812 / 0–5112 / 0–4917 / 2–6938 / 18–8865 / 37–12183 / 35–153
DLI16 / 8–2122 / 14–2631 / 21–3437 / 30–4343 / 36–4948 / 40–5148 / 40–5044 / 36–4736 / 25–4025 / 16–3018 / 9–2314 / 6–19
RH %60 / 57–6759 / 56–6558 / 54–6356 / 50–6255 / 47–6154 / 46–6154 / 45–6055 / 45–6156 / 46–6058 / 51–6258 / 54–6660 / 56–68
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 540 grid cells on land that hold in-range records (956 records in those cells; 4 more cells hold records but no land by the elevation layer, so those records sit at sea and the cells are left out), with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 901:4304 (44.925, 35.225). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -16.8 °C, 1st-percentile night -8.2 °C, 99th-percentile day 32.7 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 540 distinct grid cells holding 956 of the 960 in-range records (4 further cells with records at sea, by the elevation layer, left out); extremes and elevation at the typical cell 901:4304 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 45.00_35.000, lapse-corrected -3 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 170 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeFrance, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Yugoslavia, Krym, South European Russia, Algeria, Libya, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Sinai, Turkey · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker31.727, 35.175 · in the densest population, 503 records (44% of those in range)
Kew's description“rhizomatous geophyte” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 1150 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 956 of them in the land cells it reads, of 960 placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 384 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 1412 km away. 58 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 190 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 1150 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Geranium tuberosum, photograph 1did not loadGeranium tuberosum, photograph 2did not loadGeranium tuberosum, photograph 3did not loadGeranium tuberosum, photograph 4did not loadGeranium tuberosum, photograph 5did not loadGeranium tuberosum, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) yelena_antipova, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Marios Thoma, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3); author not stated, no rights reserved · CC0; (c) SIA, some rights reserved (CC BY).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Nigella sativa Nigella sativa Black-cumin Photo: CC BY, kardelenPhlomoides laciniata Phlomoides laciniata Lamiaceae Photo: CC BY, Nachman bones Gagea amblyopetala Blunt-flowered Gagea Lysimachia atropurpurea Lysimachia atropurpurea Primulaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Alessia GuggisbergHypericum olympicum Hypericum olympicum Hypericaceae Photo: CC BY, Barry StewartCarthamus tinctorius Carthamus tinctorius Safflower Photo: CC0, author not stated

Other Geranium 106 in the reference

Geranium albanum Geranium albanum Geraniaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Tom RiggleGeranium albiflorum Geranium albiflorum Geraniaceae Photo: CC BY, Alexander DubyninGeranium alboroseum Geranium alboroseum Geraniaceae Photo: CC BY, Thomas GyselinckGeranium argenteum Geranium argenteum Geraniaceae Photo: CC BY, Elias Geranium aristatum Geraniaceae Geranium asphodeloides Geranium asphodeloides Geraniaceae Photo: CC BY, Milan ChytrýGeranium bicknellii Geranium bicknellii Bicknell's cranesbill Photo: CC BY, Patrick JacksonGeranium bohemicum Geranium bohemicum Geraniaceae Photo: CC BY, Tatyana SovaGeranium brevicaule Geranium brevicaule Alpine Crane's Bill Photo: CC BY, Felix CollinsGeranium caespitosum Geranium caespitosum Pineywoods geranium Photo: CC0, author not statedGeranium carolinianum Geranium carolinianum Carolina crane's-bill Photo: CC0, author not statedGeranium cataractarum Geranium cataractarum Geraniaceae Photo: CC BY, Rafael Medina all 107 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Geranium geminatum; Geranium radicatum; Geranium stepporum; Geranium tuberosum f. angustilobum; Geranium tuberosum subsp. deserti-syriacum and 14 more. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Geraniaceae
Described by
L.
Native to
France, Albania, Bulgaria +21
Wild records
1150 in range · 384 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 24 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (12 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 12 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 45.00_35.000, lapse-corrected -3 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 68 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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