Species
+

Hypericum androsaemum L.

Beeren-Johanniskraut (DE), Bible-leaf, Mannsblut-Johanniskraut, Sweet-amber

Climate known 42 photographs
Add one to my plants Sow seed

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Hypericum androsaemum, the shrubby St. John's wort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is commonly called tutsan or sweet-amber. It forms a shrub with oval-shaped leaves and yellow flowers.

Text from Wikipedia, “Hypericum androsaemum”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

About the genus · Hypericum

Hypericum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Hypericaceae. The genus has a nearly worldwide distribution, missing only from tropical lowlands, deserts and polar regions. Many Hypericum species are regarded as invasive species and noxious weeds. More on Wikipedia ›

The opening of Wikipedia, “Hypericum”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family
Hypericaceae
Described by
L.
Native to
Great Britain, Ireland, Belgium +18
Wild records
597 in range· 253 open

At a glance

Warmest month
19°C
Jul, mean day; nights 13 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
999mm/yr
12 wet months · peak Oct 110 mm (CHELSA)
Light
4–34DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (August to March in the northern hemisphere). Habitat rain 999 mm a year, wettest October at 110 mm, driest July at 66 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 4 to 34 mol/m²/day. Cold floor -3.3 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Androsaemum androsaemum (L.) Huth; Androsaemum floridum Salisb.; Androsaemum officinale All.; Androsaemum officinale var. grandiflorum (Choisy) M.Loehr; Androsaemum vulgare Gaertn. and 7 more.

Cultivation

Its year Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (August to March in the northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads no season: 70% of the year's rain (724 mm of 999 mm) takes 8 months, August to March. Mean temperature moves 11.4 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: February to September.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 999 mm a year, wettest October at 110 mm, driest July at 66 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

999 mm a year at the habitat, 724 mm of it August to March. Wettest month October at 110 mm, driest July at 66 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 679 mm to 1706 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 4 to 34 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 4 to 34 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 3, the highest 90th-percentile month 39).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor -3.3 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is -3.3 °C, the absolute minimum -6.1 °C, about 25 frost nights a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 35.2 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 2.0 °C in February (across the envelope cells 0.7 °C to 4.5 °C), warmest day 19.3 °C in July (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: -3.3 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 62 to 68% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 7 °C in Jan to 19 °C in Jul; mean night from 2 °C in Feb to 13 °C in Aug. The cold quarter, Jan to Mar, is the three months around the coldest night. 999 mm of rain a year, most in Oct. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 459 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was -6.1 °C and the 99th-percentile day 35.2 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.-10°10°20°30°40°frost35.2° 99th-percentile day (undated)-6.1° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 4–34RH 62–68 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 459 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C7 / 6–97 / 6–109 / 8–1312 / 10–1415 / 13–1817 / 15–2119 / 17–2319 / 17–2417 / 15–2114 / 12–1710 / 8–137 / 6–10
Night °C2 / 1–52 / 1–53 / 2–65 / 3–78 / 6–1011 / 9–1313 / 11–1513 / 11–1611 / 9–148 / 7–115 / 4–83 / 1–6
Rain mm96 / 57–17972 / 44–13779 / 49–13868 / 50–13072 / 52–12069 / 50–10266 / 48–10675 / 53–12682 / 57–134110 / 70–188105 / 68–194105 / 62–196
DLI5 / 4–1010 / 8–1617 / 15–2426 / 24–3133 / 31–3634 / 31–3932 / 29–3827 / 24–3319 / 17–2712 / 10–186 / 5–124 / 3–9
RH %67 / 62–6965 / 61–6764 / 60–6662 / 61–6462 / 60–6462 / 60–6563 / 60–6663 / 61–6664 / 62–6665 / 62–6767 / 63–6968 / 63–70

Each figure is the median across the 459 grid cells holding the 587 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 937:3455 (43.125, -7.225). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -6.1 °C, 1st-percentile night -3.3 °C, 99th-percentile day 35.2 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 459 distinct grid cells holding the 587 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 937:3455 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 43.00_-7.500, lapse-corrected +29 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 551 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeGreat Britain, Ireland, Belgium, Corse, France, Portugal, Spain, Bulgaria, Italy, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Iran, Lebanon-Syria, Turkey· introduced: Austria, Germany, Tasmania, Antipodean Is., Chatham Is., New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Maryland, Chile Central, Chile South
Kew's description“subshrub or shrub” · “temperate”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker53.377, -1.94 · in the densest population, 179 records (30% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 597 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 253 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 51 km away. 208 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 10 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 597 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Hypericum androsaemumHypericum androsaemumHypericum androsaemumHypericum androsaemumHypericum androsaemumHypericum androsaemumHypericum androsaemumHypericum androsaemum

Photographs: (c) Kieran Roy Powell, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Francesco Santoro, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) zebedeugalinha, some rights reserved (CC BY) (4); (c) guywallbanks, some rights reserved (CC BY).

Photographs: iNaturalist and GBIF media did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Hypericum androsaemum, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

Metabolic Engineering of the Phenylpropanoid Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Hanxiao Jiang, Karl V. Wood, John A. Morgan (2005) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Antioxidant Activity of Hypericum androsaemum Infusion: Scavenging Activity against Superoxide Radical, Hydroxyl Radical and Hypochlorous Acid.
Patrı́cia Valentão, Eduarda Fernandes, Félix Carvalho, Paula B. Andrade (2002) · Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
Benzoic acid biosynthesis in cell cultures of Hypericum androsaemum
Ahmed Abd El-Mawla, Ludger Beerhues (2002) · Planta
Natural extracts as potential source of antioxidants to stabilize polyolefins
M. S. Dopico‐García, M. M. Castro‐López, J. M. López‐Vilariño, M. Victoria González‐Rodríguez (2010) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science
THE DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF AN HPLC-DAD METHOD FOR THE ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOLIC FRACTIONS FROM IN VIVO AND IN VITRO BIOMASS OF HYPERICUM SPECIES
Alberto Carlos Pires Dias, R.M. Seabra, Paula B. Andrade, Manuel Fernandes‐Ferreira (1999) · Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies
Polar Constituents and Biological Activity of the Berry-Like Fruits from Hypericum androsaemum L.
Giovanni Caprioli, Alessia Alunno, Daniela Beghelli, Armandodoriano Bianco (2016) · Frontiers in Plant Science

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

Other Hypericum 4 in the reference

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence search API
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive)
inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
commons nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media did not answercarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: api.gbif.org not asked: offline re-derivation
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 9 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.