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Hypericum annulatum; photograph susan brown, CC BY-SA, via GBIF CC BY-SAsusan brown, CC BY-SA, via GBIF

Hypericum annulatum Moris

Hypericaceae · Sardegna, Albania +10

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Hypericum annulatum, photograph susan brown, CC BY-SA, via GBIFHypericum annulatum, photograph susan brown, CC BY-SA, via GBIFHypericum annulatum, photograph susan brown, CC BY-SA, via GBIFHypericum annulatum, photograph reg 332, CC BY-SA, via GBIFHypericum annulatum, photograph Jakub Vvv, CC BY-SA, via GBIFHypericum annulatum, photograph Susan Brown, CC BY-SA, via GBIF 24 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-2.6°C
Record low -5.7 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
26°C
Jul and Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
845mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
12–38DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in the habitat's months, not shifted
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet winters: the rain comes March to May and September to December (the habitat's months, not shifted), read as a winter growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Not shifted: the shift rule does not apply to this habitat. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Hypericum annulatum is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is a perennial herb of varying heights which grows upright, with more than a hundred flowers of a golden yellow color. First described in 1827, the species has a wide distribution from Eastern Europe to East Africa, and its appearance can vary greatly based on its geographic location. It has been used in Bulgarian folk medicine, and has more recently been investigated for its effectiveness in slowing the growth of or killing certain types of human cancer.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Hypericum annulatum", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Hypericum

Hypericum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Hypericaceae. The genus has a nearly worldwide distribution, missing only from tropical lowlands, deserts and polar regions. Many Hypericum species are regarded as invasive species and noxious weeds. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Hypericum", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a winter growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (544 mm of 744 mm) falls in March to May and September to December, cooler than the year (wet-season mean 12.9 °C against a yearly mean of 13.9 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere. The habitat lies within 10° of the equator, where the shift rule does not apply, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.

Rain

744 mm in the median year at the habitat, 544 mm of it March to May and September to December. Wettest month November at 109 mm, driest month July at 33 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 605 mm to 1,217 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 845 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 744 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 12 to 38 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 9, the highest 90th-percentile month 47).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -2.6 °C, the absolute minimum -5.7 °C, 938 frost nights in 44 years, 21.3 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 35.7 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 3.4 °C in February (across the grid cells of the range -2.4 °C to 17.1 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 26.3 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -2.6 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 56 to 64% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +178 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Hypericum annulatum through the yearWarmest months July and August, mean daily high 26 °C; coldest month February, mean nightly low 3.4 °C; 744 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-10°0°10°20°30°40°frost35.7° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-5.7° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200250mm rainDLI 12–38RH 56–64%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 11 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C9 / 4–269 / 6–2812 / 11–2817 / 14–2722 / 19–2725 / 21–2626 / 23–2826 / 24–2823 / 21–2618 / 17–2713 / 10–2510 / 5–25
Night °C4 / -3–173 / -2–175 / 1–187 / 6–1811 / 11–1715 / 12–1616 / 14–1716 / 14–1813 / 12–1511 / 8–178 / 3–175 / -2–17
Rain mm46 / 39–8041 / 29–6868 / 46–10077 / 49–19069 / 52–12641 / 18–8633 / 10–8339 / 15–8950 / 18–9881 / 47–168109 / 53–21690 / 49–112
DLI14 / 10–4020 / 16–4329 / 23–4136 / 31–3838 / 34–4237 / 33–4638 / 33–4737 / 32–4132 / 26–4323 / 18–4115 / 11–3412 / 9–36
RH %61 / 56–6558 / 53–6358 / 55–6059 / 57–6357 / 56–6257 / 52–6057 / 49–6156 / 51–6157 / 55–6060 / 56–6364 / 61–6563 / 59–66
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 11 grid cells holding the 20 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 996:3790 (40.175, 9.525). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -5.7 °C, 1st-percentile night -2.6 °C, 99th-percentile day 35.7 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 11 distinct grid cells holding 20 of the 20 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 996:3790 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 40.00_9.375, lapse-corrected +178 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 736 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeSardegna, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Yugoslavia, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Saudi Arabia · introduced: Czechoslovakia, Germany, Switzerland · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker0.263, 37.496 · in the densest population, 13 records (33% of those in range)
Kew's description“perennial” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 40 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 20 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 34 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker in the same place. 12 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 20 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
Other GBIF keysRecords also from GBIF's key 12091593 (Hypericum perfoliatum var. annulatum (Moris) Fiori): Kew's file holds it as Hypericum perfoliatum var. annulatum (Moris) Fiori (synonym under Hypericum annulatum Moris); 0 records, from GBIF's search API on the day of the build.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 40 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Hypericum annulatum, photograph 1did not loadHypericum annulatum, photograph 2did not loadHypericum annulatum, photograph 3did not loadHypericum annulatum, photograph 4did not loadHypericum annulatum, photograph 5did not loadHypericum annulatum, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: susan brown, CC BY-SA, via GBIF (3); reg 332, CC BY-SA, via GBIF; Jakub Vvv, CC BY-SA, via GBIF; Susan Brown, CC BY-SA, via GBIF.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Salvia verbenaca Salvia verbenaca Wild clary Photo: CC BY-SA, Greg TasneyMalva sylvestris Malva sylvestris Common mallow Photo: CC BY-SA, Marina NiotiQuercus ilex Quercus ilex Evergreen oak Photo: CC0, author not statedParapholis cylindrica Parapholis cylindrica Poaceae Photo: CC BY, D DefreeseGladiolus italicus Gladiolus italicus Italian gladiolus Photo: CC BY, Louis AuregliaLinaria pelisseriana Linaria pelisseriana Jersey Toadflax Photo: CC0, author not stated

Other Hypericum 106 in the reference

Hypericum acmosepalum Hypericaceae Hypericum adpressum Hypericum adpressum Creeping St. Johnswort Photo: CC BY, Ryan SorrellsHypericum aegypticum Hypericum aegypticum Egyptian St John's wort Photo: CC BY, Milan ChytrýHypericum aethiopicum Hypericum aethiopicum African St Johns Wort Photo: CC BY, Dr. Alexey YakovlevHypericum anagalloides Hypericum anagalloides Tinker's-penny Photo: CC BY, Alexis Tinker-TsavalasHypericum androsaemum Hypericum androsaemum Tutsan Photo: CC BY, Kieran Roy PowellHypericum ascyron Hypericum ascyron Great St. John's-wort Photo: CC BY, Oleg KosterinHypericum athoum Hypericum athoum Hypericaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, peganum from Henfield, EnglandHypericum balearicum Hypericum balearicum Majorca St John's wort Photo: CC BY, Sheelagh Halsey Hypericum beanii St. Johnswort Hypericum bellum Hypericum bellum Hypericaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, NickHypericum bithynicum Hypericum bithynicum Hypericaceae Photo: CC BY, Katrin Simon all 107 ›

Names & registers

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipedia

The record

Family
Hypericaceae
Described by
Moris
Native to
Sardegna, Albania, Bulgaria +9
Wild records
40 in range · 34 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredasked 2026-10-22GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 0 records of GBIF's key 12091593, Hypericum perfoliatum var. annulatum (Moris) Fiori (Kew's file holds it as Hypericum perfoliatum var. annulatum (Moris) Fiori (synonym under Hypericum annulatum Moris)): GBIF occurrence search API; 1 record within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (1 at a botanic garden or arboretum; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 40.00_9.375, lapse-corrected +178 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 20 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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