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Jasminum grandiflorum; photograph (c) Jacky Judas, some rights reserved (CC BY) CC BY(c) Jacky Judas, some rights reserved (CC BY) · observed growing wild · 2025-09-19

Jasminum grandiflorum L.

Catalonian jasmine; Poet's Jasmine; Spanish jasmine; Royal jasmine

Oleaceae · Rwanda, Djibouti +15

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Jasminum grandiflorum, photograph (c) Jacky Judas, some rights reserved (CC BY)Jasminum grandiflorum, photograph (c) Jacky Judas, some rights reserved (CC BY)Jasminum grandiflorum, photograph (c) Cheongweei Gan, some rights reserved (CC BY)Jasminum grandiflorum, photograph (c) Cheongweei Gan, some rights reserved (CC BY)Jasminum grandiflorum, photograph Susan Brown, CC BY-SA, via GBIFJasminum grandiflorum, photograph Susan Brown, CC BY-SA, via GBIF 25 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
10.6°C
Record low 8.2 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
27°C
May and Jun at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
888mm
10 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
33–41DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in the habitat's months, not shifted
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
A rainy season, January, March to May and August to October (the habitat's months, not shifted), neither the cool nor the warm half of the year. rain rule, CHELSA
Not shifted: the shift rule does not apply to this habitat. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Jasminum grandiflorum, also known variously as the Spanish jasmine, Royal jasmine, Catalan jasmine, Sicilian jasmine, is a species of jasmine native to South Asia, the Arabian peninsula, East and Northeast Africa and the Yunnan and Sichuan regions of China. The species is widely cultivated and is reportedly naturalized in Guinea, the Maldive Islands, Mauritius, Réunion, Java, the Cook Islands, Chiapas, Central America, and the Caribbean. It is closely related to, and sometimes treated as merely a form of, Jasminum officinale.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Jasminum grandiflorum", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Jasminum

Jasmine is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive family of Oleaceae. It contains around 200 species native to tropical and warm temperate regions of Asia, Africa, and Oceania. Jasmines are widely cultivated for the characteristic fragrance of their flowers.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Jasmine", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a rainy season with no name: 70% of the median year's rain (359 mm of 487 mm) falls in January, March to May and August to October, whose mean temperature, 20.9 °C, is within half a degree of the year's, 20.7 °C, so it is neither the cooler nor the warmer part of the year. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere. The habitat lies within 10° of the equator, where the shift rule does not apply, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.

Rain

487 mm in the median year at the habitat, 359 mm of it January, March to May and August to October. Wettest month May at 82 mm, driest month December at 20 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 205 mm to 1,430 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 888 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 487 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 33 to 41 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 20, the highest 90th-percentile month 48).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 10.6 °C, the absolute minimum 8.2 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 32.6 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 13.0 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range 5.4 °C to 17.0 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 26.6 °C in May and June (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 10.6 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 55 to 58% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -40 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Jasminum grandiflorum through the yearWarmest months May and June, mean daily high 27 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low 13.0 °C; 487 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.0°5°10°15°20°25°30°35°40°32.6° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER8.2° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400mm rainDLI 33–41RH 55–58%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 35 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C23 / 15–2624 / 16–2726 / 19–2926 / 22–3227 / 23–3527 / 23–3526 / 22–3425 / 22–3426 / 23–3326 / 22–3123 / 19–2822 / 17–26
Night °C13 / 5–1714 / 7–1815 / 10–2016 / 12–2117 / 14–2418 / 14–2518 / 13–2518 / 13–2517 / 13–2415 / 12–2114 / 10–1913 / 7–17
Rain mm30 / 9–6030 / 7–5351 / 13–9365 / 12–19382 / 9–12929 / 10–15827 / 15–36246 / 15–29334 / 8–14551 / 8–16922 / 7–18020 / 8–96
DLI33 / 22–4136 / 26–4441 / 33–4241 / 35–4640 / 32–4837 / 29–4635 / 26–4237 / 28–4138 / 29–4238 / 28–4134 / 23–3733 / 20–37
RH %57 / 51–6255 / 51–6356 / 49–6158 / 45–6358 / 42–6457 / 41–6658 / 45–7158 / 48–6957 / 45–6556 / 46–6257 / 50–6558 / 50–63
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 35 grid cells holding the 45 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1828:4337 (-1.425, 36.875). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 8.2 °C, 1st-percentile night 10.6 °C, 99th-percentile day 32.6 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 35 distinct grid cells holding 45 of the 45 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1828:4337 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -1.50_36.875, lapse-corrected -40 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 1602 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeRwanda, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan, Kenya, Uganda, Oman, Saudi Arabia, China South-Central, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, Nepal, Pakistan, West Himalaya, Myanmar · introduced: Guinea, Mauritius, Réunion, Maldives, Jawa, Cook Is., Marianas, Mexico Southeast, Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Is. AB Ant, Puerto Rico, Trinidad-Tobago, Windward Is., Bolivia · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker0.261, 37.494 · in the densest population, 62 records (39% of those in range)
Kew's description“scrambling shrub” · “subtropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 159 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 45 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 132 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 21 km away. 206 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 114 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 159 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Jasminum grandiflorum, photograph 1did not loadJasminum grandiflorum, photograph 2did not loadJasminum grandiflorum, photograph 3did not loadJasminum grandiflorum, photograph 4did not loadJasminum grandiflorum, photograph 5did not loadJasminum grandiflorum, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) Jacky Judas, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Cheongweei Gan, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); Susan Brown, CC BY-SA, via GBIF (2).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Lantana viburnoides Lantana viburnoides Verbenaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Takalani NelufuleOsteospermum vaillantii Osteospermum vaillantii Asteraceae Photo: CC BY, Mahomed DesaiCadia purpurea Cadia purpurea Fabaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Michael Wolf (Webseite) Aloe sabaea Asphodelaceae Dysphania schraderiana Dysphania schraderiana Schrader Goosefoot Photo: CC BY, Oleksandr ShynderTecoma stans Tecoma stans Yellow bells Photo: CC BY, Bethany Harrison

Other Jasminum 27 in the reference

Jasminum angulare Jasminum angulare Oleaceae Photo: CC0, rosshawkinsJasminum annamense Jasminum annamense Oleaceae Photo: CC BY, Eugene PopovJasminum auriculatum Jasminum auriculatum Indian hasmine Photo: CC0, author not statedJasminum azoricum Jasminum azoricum Lemon-scented jasmine Photo: CC BY, Vítor JorgeJasminum beesianum Jasminum beesianum Red jasmine Photo: CC0, author not statedJasminum dichotomum Jasminum dichotomum Gold Coast jasmine Photo: CC0, author not statedJasminum didymum Jasminum didymum Desert jasmine Photo: CC BY-SA, Greg TasneyJasminum dispermum Jasminum dispermum Oleaceae Photo: CC BY, luluchouetteJasminum elongatum Jasminum elongatum Common Malayan jasmine Photo: CC BY, Thomas MesaglioJasminum fluminense Jasminum fluminense Jasmin Photo: CC BY, Patrick JacksonJasminum laurifolium Jasminum laurifolium Oleaceae Photo: CC BY, Nizar JibrinJasminum malabaricum Jasminum malabaricum Malabar jasmine Photo: CC0, author not stated all 28 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Jasmin aureum; Jasminum floribundum f. decipiens; Jasminum officinale f. grandiflorum; Jasminum officinale subsp. grandiflorum; Jasminum officinale var. grandiflorum. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Oleaceae
Described by
L.
Native to
Rwanda, Djibouti, Eritrea +14
Wild records
159 in range · 132 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 19 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (9 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 1 at a herbarium, 9 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -1.50_36.875, lapse-corrected -40 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 95 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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