15 photographs › At a glance
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Summary
Manilkara kauki is a plant in the subfamily Sapotoideae, and the tribe Sapoteae of the family Sapotaceae; and is the type species for the genus Manilkara. It occurs in tropical Asia from Indo-China (Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam) to Malesia (Indonesia, Malaysia and Papua New Guinea); and also in northern Queensland in Australia.
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Manilkara kauki", CC BY-SA 4.0.
About the genus · Manilkara
Manilkara is a genus of trees in the family Sapotaceae. They are widespread in tropical and semitropical locations, in Africa, Madagascar, Asia, Australia, and Latin America, as well as various islands in the Pacific and in the Caribbean. A close relative is the genus Pouteria.
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Manilkara", CC BY-SA 4.0.
Cultivation
Seasons
The rain rule reads a sharp season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,304 mm of 1,801 mm) falls in January to April. The temperature curve is flat, 2.9 °C between the warmest and coldest month, so the growing-season rule does not infer a growing season from it. Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere. The temperature curve moves under 4 °C between the warmest and coldest month, where the shift rule does not apply, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.
Rain
1,801 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,304 mm of it January to April. Wettest month January at 359 mm, driest month September at 11 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,518 mm to 2,076 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,894 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,801 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, southern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.
Light
Open sky over the habitat: 29 to 44 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 27, the highest 90th-percentile month 45).
Warmth and air
Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 23.7 °C in August (across the grid cells of the range 21.7 °C to 24.3 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 28.3 °C in December (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 23.7 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, August, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell that is mostly sea and are not used.
Relative humidity at the habitat: 62 to 66% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
How this section is made
Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.
Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.
Climate across the habitat
Habitat months, southern hemisphere
Mean daily high from 25 °C in Jul and Aug to 28 °C in Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, Nov and Dec; mean nightly low from 24 °C in Jul, Aug and Sep to 26 °C in Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, Nov and Dec. The cold quarter, Jul to Sep, is the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low, centred on the 3 months in a row that tie for it. 1,801 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added), the wettest month Jan. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 94 habitat cells. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.
Figures by month
| Figure | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 28 / 28–29 | 28 / 28–29 | 28 / 28–29 | 28 / 27–28 | 27 / 26–28 | 26 / 25–27 | 25 / 24–26 | 25 / 24–26 | 26 / 25–27 | 26 / 26–28 | 28 / 27–29 | 28 / 28–29 |
| Night °C | 26 / 25–26 | 26 / 25–26 | 26 / 25–26 | 26 / 25–26 | 25 / 24–26 | 25 / 22–25 | 24 / 22–25 | 24 / 22–24 | 24 / 23–25 | 25 / 24–25 | 26 / 25–26 | 26 / 25–26 |
| Rain mm | 359 / 272–404 | 347 / 287–448 | 355 / 252–397 | 243 / 116–337 | 90 / 40–162 | 42 / 14–80 | 28 / 8–54 | 17 / 6–36 | 11 / 4–30 | 24 / 13–50 | 70 / 50–98 | 215 / 164–256 |
| DLI | 35 / 35–39 | 34 / 33–37 | 34 / 33–36 | 33 / 32–34 | 31 / 29–33 | 29 / 27–31 | 30 / 27–32 | 34 / 31–36 | 39 / 36–41 | 43 / 40–45 | 44 / 41–45 | 39 / 37–42 |
| RH % | 66 / 65–67 | 66 / 65–68 | 66 / 64–67 | 65 / 63–66 | 64 / 61–65 | 63 / 61–64 | 63 / 60–64 | 62 / 59–63 | 63 / 60–64 | 63 / 61–64 | 64 / 62–65 | 65 / 63–66 |
The daily extremes were read at a NASA POWER cell that is 28% land: neither it nor the next candidates whose coldest month's mean nightly low is within 2 °C of the median across cells sit in a POWER cell that is mostly land, and the rule reads a cold floor only from a cell that is mostly land, so none is read for this species. Nor is the coldest month's mean nightly low taken as one: it is a mean of a month's lows, not its coldest night. What that cell gave over 44 years: absolute minimum 20.0 °C, 1st-percentile night 23.0 °C, 99th-percentile day 29.7 °C.
How this section is made
Natural habitat
How this section is made
Photographs
Photographs: (c) Matt B, some rights reserved (CC BY) (6).
Related
Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.
Thalassia hemprichii Turtle grass Photo: CC BY, David Thompson
Myrmecodia platytyrea Rubiaceae Photo: CC BY, Kristof Zyskowski
Xanthostemon youngii Myrtaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Vengolis
Xylocarpus moluccensis Cedar mangrove Photo: CC BY, Richard Littauer
Dischidia ovata Watermelon dischidia Photo: CC0, author not stated
Salacia chinensis Celastraceae Photo: CC0, author not statedOther Manilkara 8 in the reference
Manilkara bidentata Bulletwood Photo: CC BY, Mario Guzmán
Manilkara chicle Chicle Photo: CC BY, Fabrício Mil Homens Riella
Manilkara hexandra Ceylon Ironwood Photo: CC BY, Pranav Chandra Bose
Manilkara jaimiqui Wild dilly Photo: CC BY, Dominic Gentilcore
Manilkara pleeana Zapote de costa Photo: CC BY-SA, Kurt Miller
Manilkara subsericea Sapotaceae Photo: CC BY, Pablo Cauã da Silva Toledo Manilkara valenzuelana Sapotaceae 
Manilkara zapota Sapodilla Photo: CC BY, Stephanie Tran Names & registers
Also known as Achras mammosa; Imbricaria malabarica; Kaukenia kauki; Mimusops bojeri; Mimusops browniana and 4 more. (GBIF Backbone)
Under another author Mimusops elengi Bojer is an older name of this species, not Mimusops elengi, a species of the reference. (GBIF Backbone)
The record
Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →
Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 4 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (3 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 1 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)climate answeredasked 2026-10-22climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -10.50_142.500, lapse-corrected +27 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: NASA POWER's cell is mostly sea (28% land), so no cold floor is shownwikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22inat.photos.cultivated not askedgbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22none of the photographs on this page is credited to GBIF: those shown are other sources', and GBIF's were the same photographs or were set aside by the photograph rulesopenalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshotEvery source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 23 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.