Plumeria rubra L.
Alheli, Alheli roje, Angaiabe, Chelilairangebard
Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.
Summary
Plumeria rubra is a deciduous plant species belonging to the genus Plumeria. Originally native to Mexico, Central America, Colombia and Venezuela, it has been widely cultivated in subtropical and tropical climates worldwide and is a popular garden and park plant, as well as being used in temples and cemeteries. It grows as a spreading tree to 7–8 m (23–26 ft) high and wide, and is flushed with fragrant flowers of shades of pink, white and yellow over the summer and autumn.
Text from Wikipedia, “Plumeria rubra”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.
About the genus · Plumeria
Plumeria, commonly known as frangipani, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. Most species are deciduous shrubs or small trees. They are native to the Neotropical realm in Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and northwestern South America, but are often grown as ornamental plants in tropical regions, including Florida, Hawaii, South America south to northern Argentina, southern China, northern India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Senegal, and in parts of the Arabian Peninsula with irrigation.
Text from Wikipedia, “Plumeria”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.
At a glance
Also known as Plumeria acuminata W.T.Aiton; Plumeria acutifolia Poir.; Plumeria acutifolia var. gasparrinii A.DC.; Plumeria angustifolia A.DC.; Plumeria arborea Noronha and 40 more.
Cultivation
Its year Rain rule: a summer growing season, June to September in the northern hemisphere (June to September at the habitat, northern).
This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.
The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the year's rain (779 mm of 1095 mm) falls in June to September, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 25.8 °C against a yearly mean of 24.1 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: December to March.
Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain Habitat rain 1095 mm a year, wettest September at 213 mm, driest March at 11 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
1095 mm a year at the habitat, 779 mm of it June to September. Wettest month September at 213 mm, driest March at 11 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 590 mm to 2546 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).
CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light Open sky over the habitat: 29 to 44 mol/m²/day.
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
Open sky over the habitat: 29 to 44 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 23, the highest 90th-percentile month 50).
CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Warmth and air Cold floor 13.6 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 13.6 °C, the absolute minimum 9.7 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 36.0 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 16.8 °C in January (across the envelope cells 9.0 °C to 23.5 °C), warmest day 29.8 °C in April (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 13.6 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).
NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Relative humidity at the habitat: 57 to 66% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.
The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.
Climate across the habitat
Figures by month
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 26 / 21–30 | 27 / 23–31 | 28 / 25–32 | 30 / 26–34 | 30 / 26–34 | 29 / 25–33 | 29 / 24–33 | 29 / 24–32 | 28 / 24–31 | 28 / 23–30 | 27 / 23–30 | 26 / 22–29 |
| Night °C | 17 / 9–24 | 17 / 10–24 | 18 / 11–24 | 20 / 13–25 | 21 / 15–25 | 22 / 16–25 | 22 / 15–26 | 22 / 15–26 | 22 / 15–25 | 21 / 14–25 | 19 / 11–24 | 18 / 10–24 |
| Rain mm | 24 / 6–89 | 13 / 6–68 | 11 / 3–60 | 23 / 1–101 | 75 / 5–255 | 182 / 40–332 | 187 / 100–347 | 197 / 107–357 | 213 / 116–402 | 115 / 44–337 | 35 / 11–226 | 20 / 5–131 |
| DLI | 31 / 25–35 | 36 / 30–39 | 42 / 35–45 | 44 / 37–48 | 42 / 32–50 | 37 / 30–44 | 37 / 32–42 | 37 / 31–41 | 33 / 30–37 | 32 / 28–36 | 30 / 25–34 | 29 / 23–33 |
| RH % | 59 / 49–66 | 58 / 48–65 | 57 / 45–64 | 58 / 44–65 | 60 / 47–67 | 64 / 55–69 | 64 / 57–70 | 65 / 59–70 | 66 / 60–71 | 65 / 56–70 | 62 / 51–68 | 60 / 50–67 |
Each figure is the median across the 703 grid cells holding the 996 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 1526:1872 (13.675, -86.375). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 9.7 °C, 1st-percentile night 13.6 °C, 99th-percentile day 36.0 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 703 distinct grid cells holding the 996 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1526:1872 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 13.50_-86.250, lapse-corrected +53 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 823 m (cell mean).
Natural habitat
Photographs
Photographs: (c) Cabanillas Lopez Jesus Miguel, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) (3); (c) Jose Luis Leon de la Luz, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Neptalí Ramírez Marcial, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Bruno Frías Morales, some rights reserved (CC BY).
Photographs: iNaturalist did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.
Papers naming this species
Works whose title or abstract names Plumeria rubra, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.
Related
Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.
Pseudobombax ellipticum Shaving Brush Tree
Jatropha podagrica Buddha belly plant
Melampodium divaricatum Gold Medallion
Tithonia rotundifolia Mexican Sunflower
Cucurbita moschata Calabaza
Calliandra tergemina Pink PowderpuffOther Plumeria 2 in the reference
History & registers
Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)wcvp.distribution answeredgbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zamclimate answeredwikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skippedinat.taxon not askedinat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skippedinat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)commons nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)gbif.media answeredopenalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skippedEvery upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 152 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.