22 photographs › At a glance
- Jan
- Feb
- Mar
- Apr, shaded
- May, shaded
- Jun, shaded
- Jul, shaded
- Aug, shaded
- Sep, shaded
- Oct
- Nov
- Dec
Summary
Livistona nitida, the Carnarvon Gorge cabbage palm, is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae.
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Livistona nitida", CC BY-SA 4.0.
About the genus · Livistona
Livistona is a genus of palms, the botanical family Arecaceae, native to southeastern and eastern Asia, Australasia, and the Horn of Africa. They are fan palms, the leaves with an armed petiole terminating in a rounded, costapalmate fan of numerous leaflets.
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Livistona", CC BY-SA 4.0.
Cultivation
Grouped as a tropical foliage plant, listed under the genus Livistona in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “tree”, “seasonally dry tropical”.
Seasons
The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (488 mm of 692 mm) falls in October to March, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 25.2 °C against a yearly mean of 20.9 °C). Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; shifted six months for a northern-hemisphere collection: April to September.
Rain
692 mm in the median year at the habitat, 488 mm of it October to March. Wettest month December at 102 mm, driest month August at 26 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 628 mm to 845 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 693 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 692 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, southern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.
Light
Open sky over the habitat: 23 to 45 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 22, the highest 90th-percentile month 45).
Warmth and air
Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 2.2 °C, the absolute minimum -0.8 °C, 8 frost nights in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 40.3 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 7.5 °C in July (across the grid cells of the range 5.7 °C to 9.2 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 32.6 °C in January (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 2.2 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).
Relative humidity at the habitat: 50 to 56% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
How this section is made
Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.
Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -63 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.
Group. Listed under the genus Livistona in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “tree”, “seasonally dry tropical”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.
Climate across the habitat
Habitat months, southern hemisphere
Mean daily high from 19 °C in Jul to 33 °C in Jan; mean nightly low from 8 °C in Jul to 21 °C in Jan and Feb. The cold quarter, Jun to Aug, is the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low. 692 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added), the wettest month Dec. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 18 habitat cells. Over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER) the absolute minimum was -0.8 °C and the 99th-percentile day 40.3 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.
Figures by month
| Figure | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 33 / 30–33 | 32 / 29–32 | 30 / 28–31 | 27 / 24–28 | 23 / 21–24 | 20 / 18–21 | 19 / 17–20 | 22 / 20–23 | 26 / 24–26 | 29 / 27–29 | 30 / 28–31 | 32 / 30–32 |
| Night °C | 21 / 19–22 | 21 / 19–22 | 19 / 17–20 | 16 / 14–17 | 12 / 10–14 | 9 / 7–10 | 8 / 6–9 | 9 / 7–10 | 12 / 10–13 | 16 / 14–17 | 18 / 16–19 | 20 / 18–21 |
| Rain mm | 94 / 75–124 | 100 / 85–124 | 51 / 46–67 | 51 / 43–61 | 38 / 36–50 | 33 / 31–40 | 27 / 24–29 | 26 / 25–28 | 29 / 26–32 | 62 / 58–66 | 79 / 69–94 | 102 / 94–128 |
| DLI | 44 / 43–44 | 39 / 39–39 | 37 / 37–38 | 31 / 30–32 | 25 / 25–26 | 23 / 22–24 | 24 / 24–25 | 30 / 30–31 | 38 / 38–39 | 42 / 42–43 | 44 / 43–44 | 45 / 44–45 |
| RH % | 53 / 53–54 | 55 / 54–57 | 53 / 52–54 | 53 / 53–54 | 54 / 54–55 | 56 / 55–56 | 54 / 54–55 | 52 / 51–52 | 50 / 48–50 | 50 / 49–51 | 52 | 53 / 52–53 |
How this section is made
Natural habitat
How this section is made
Photographs
Photographs: (c) quirino, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Peter B, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Martin Hannan-Jones, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Greg Tasney, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA).
Related
Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.
Brachychiton rupestris Queensland Bottle Tree Photo: CC BY, Wairambar Rainforest
Alectryon diversifolius Holly bush Photo: CC BY, Martin Hannan-Jones
Acacia bancroftiorum Fabaceae Photo: CC BY, brandon_hewitt
Acacia harpophylla Brigalow Photo: CC BY-SA, Greg Tasney
Grevillea longistyla Proteaceae Photo: CC BY, Martin Hannan-Jones
Livistona fulva Blackdown Fan Palm Photo: CC BY, Martin Hannan-JonesOther Livistona 13 in the reference
Livistona australis Cabbage tree palm Photo: CC BY, Zara
Livistona benthamii Arecaceae Photo: CC BY, Stella Fish
Livistona carinensis Bankoualé Palm Photo: CC BY-SA, David J. Stang
Livistona chinensis Chinese fan palm Photo: CC BY, Cheng-Te Hsu
Livistona decora Ribbon Fan Palm Photo: CC BY, Scott W. Gavins
Livistona drudei Drude’s palm Photo: CC0, Ruff tuff cream puff Livistona fulva Blackdown Fan Palm Photo: CC BY, Martin Hannan-Jones
Livistona humilis Cabbage palm Photo: CC BY, Stella Fish
Livistona jenkinsiana Himalayan fan palm Photo: CC BY, chintan sheth
Livistona mariae Central Australian cabbage palm Photo: CC BY, Gary Dickson
Livistona muelleri Arecaceae Photo: CC BY, Bryce Watts-Parker
Livistona saribus Taraw palm Photo: CC BY, Jens-Christian Svenning all 14 ›Names & registers
The record
Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →
Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 2 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (2 at a botanic garden or arboretum; Wikidata's list)climate answeredasked 2026-10-22climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -25.50_150.000, lapse-corrected -63 m at 6.5 °C/kmwikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22inat.photos.cultivated not askedgbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshotEvery source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 6 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.