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Pandanus balfourii; photograph author not stated, no rights reserved CC0author not stated, no rights reserved · observed growing wild · 2019-05-30

Pandanus balfourii Martelli

Balfour’s Pandanus; Vakwa montany

Pandanaceae · Seychelles

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Pandanus balfourii, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedPandanus balfourii, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedPandanus balfourii, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedPandanus balfourii, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedPandanus balfourii, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedPandanus balfourii, photograph author not stated, no rights reserved 12 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Coldest month, mean nightly low
24.6°C
Jul and Aug at the habitat, not a floor; extremes not used (sea cell) CHELSA
Warmest month, mean daily high
28°C
Feb, Mar, Apr and May at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
2,396mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
34–41DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in the habitat's months, not shifted
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
A sharp rainy season, November to April and September (the habitat's months, not shifted), in a year of even temperature. rain rule, CHELSA
Not shifted: the shift rule does not apply to this habitat. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Pandanus balfourii, also known as Vakwa bordmer, is a species of plant in the family Pandanaceae, one of four species of the family that are endemic to the Seychelles.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Pandanus balfourii", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Pandanus

Pandanus is a genus of monocots with about 578 accepted species. They are palm-like, dioecious trees and shrubs native to the Old World tropics and subtropics. Common names include pandan, screw palm and screw pine. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Pandanus", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a sharp season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,725 mm of 2,423 mm) falls in November to April and September. The temperature curve is flat, 2.4 °C between the warmest and coldest month, so the growing-season rule does not infer a growing season from it. Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere. The habitat lies within 10° of the equator, where the shift rule does not apply, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.

Rain

2,423 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,725 mm of it November to April and September. Wettest month January at 407 mm, driest month July at 98 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 2,354 mm to 2,572 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 2,396 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 2,423 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, southern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 34 to 41 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 33, the highest 90th-percentile month 41).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 24.6 °C in July and August (across the grid cells of the range 23.9 °C to 24.7 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 28.3 °C in April (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 24.6 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, July and August, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell that is mostly sea and are not used.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 63 to 66% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, southern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Pandanus balfourii through the yearWarmest months February, March, April and May, mean daily high 28 °C; coldest months July and August, mean nightly low 24.6 °C; 2,423 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA. Habitat months, southern hemisphere.20°25°30°°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400500mm rainDLI 34–41RH 63–66%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 10 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C27 / 26–2728 / 27–2828 / 27–2828 / 28–2828 / 27–2826 / 26–2726 / 25–2626 / 25–2626 / 26–2627 / 26–2727 / 26–2727 / 26–27
Night °C26 / 25–2626 / 26–2626 / 26–2627 / 26–2726 / 26–2625 / 25–2525 / 24–2525 / 24–2525 / 24–2525 / 25–2526 / 25–2625 / 25–25
Rain mm407 / 387–436204 / 188–226199 / 196–217183 / 178–199163 / 157–175129 / 119–13298 / 90–104131 / 117–140181 / 165–190177 / 168–192206 / 199–220345 / 331–368
DLI37 / 37–3841 / 40–4141 / 40–4139 / 39–3936 / 35–3634 / 33–3435 / 34–3537 / 36–3739 / 39–3941 / 41–4141 / 40–4138 / 37–38
RH %65 / 64–6963 / 63–6663 / 63–6764 / 63–6764 / 63–6764 / 63–6865 / 64–6865 / 64–6864 / 63–6864 / 63–6864 / 63–6866 / 65–70

The daily extremes were read at a NASA POWER cell that is 0% land: neither it nor the next candidates whose coldest month's mean nightly low is within 2 °C of the median across cells sit in a POWER cell that is mostly land, and the rule reads a cold floor only from a cell that is mostly land, so none is read for this species. Nor is the coldest month's mean nightly low taken as one: it is a mean of a month's lows, not its coldest night. What that cell gave over 44 years: absolute minimum 22.9 °C, 1st-percentile night 24.0 °C, 99th-percentile day 29.0 °C.

How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 10 grid cells on land that hold in-range records (42 records in those cells; 3 more cells hold records but no land by the elevation layer, so those records sit at sea and the cells are left out), with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1890:4704 (-4.525, 55.225). Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 10 distinct grid cells holding 42 of the 45 in-range records (3 further cells with records at sea, by the elevation layer, left out); extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1890:4704 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells, though its NASA POWER cell is only 0% land and none of the 9 next candidates within 2 °C of the median was mostly land); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -4.50_55.000, lapse-corrected +83 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 84 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeSeychelles · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker-4.563, 55.441 · in the densest population, 67 records (100% of those in range)
Kew's description“tree” · “wet tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 67 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 42 of them in the land cells it reads, of 45 placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 64 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 1 km away. 6 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 22 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 67 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Pandanus balfourii, photograph 1did not loadPandanus balfourii, photograph 2did not loadPandanus balfourii, photograph 3did not loadPandanus balfourii, photograph 4did not loadPandanus balfourii, photograph 5did not loadPandanus balfourii, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: author not stated, no rights reserved · CC0 (6).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Lodoicea maldivica Lodoicea maldivica Double coconut Photo: CC BY, Rafael WürtembergerPhoenicophorium borsigianum Phoenicophorium borsigianum Borsig palm Photo: CC BY, Lisa_James Pyrostria bibracteata Rubiaceae Nephrosperma vanhoutteanum Nephrosperma vanhoutteanum Seychelles palm Photo: CC BY, Drew AveryDeckenia nobilis Deckenia nobilis Cabbage palm Photo: CC BY, Rafael WürtembergerPandanus sechellarum Pandanus sechellarum Seychelles Pandanus Photo: CC BY-SA, S Molteno

Other Pandanus 26 in the reference

Pandanus amaryllifolius Pandanus amaryllifolius Fragrant Pandan Photo: CC BY, chiuluanPandanus aquaticus Pandanus aquaticus Water Pandan Photo: CC BY, Stella FishPandanus austrosinensis Pandanus austrosinensis Pandanaceae Photo: CC BY, Kalvin ChanPandanus basedowii Pandanus basedowii Sandstone Pandanus Photo: CC BY, Thomas MesaglioPandanus conoideus Pandanus conoideus Pandanaceae Photo: CC BY, Cheongweei GanPandanus cookii Pandanus cookii Cook's pandan Photo: CC0, author not statedPandanus dubius Pandanus dubius Knob-fruited Screwpine Photo: CC BY, GabrielPandanus furcatus Pandanus furcatus Pandanus Photo: CC BY, Sagnik Dutta RoyPandanus gemmifer Pandanus gemmifer Pup pandan Photo: CC BY, Richard LittauerPandanus kaida Pandanus kaida False Pineapple Photo: CC0, author not stated Pandanus labyrinthicus Pandanaceae Pandanus livingstonianus Pandanus livingstonianus Screw-pine Photo: CC BY-SA, Bart Wursten all 27 ›

Names & registers

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Pandanaceae
Described by
Martelli
Native to
Seychelles
Wild records
67 in range · 64 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -4.50_55.000, lapse-corrected +83 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: NASA POWER's cell is mostly sea (0% land), so no cold floor is shown
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22IPNI and POWO linked by Kew's number for Pandanus balfourii Martelli (the item's: IPNI 670735-1, POWO 670734-1)
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22none of the photographs on this page is credited to GBIF: those shown are other sources', and GBIF's were the same photographs or were set aside by the photograph rules
Wikimedia Commons commons answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 5 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

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