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Pandanus furcatus; photograph (c) Dinesh Valke, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) CC BY-SA(c) Dinesh Valke, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) · observed growing wild · 2024-06-25

Pandanus furcatus Roxb.

Pandanus

Pandanaceae · India, Sri Lanka +3

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Pandanus furcatus, photograph (c) Sagnik Dutta Roy, some rights reserved (CC BY)Pandanus furcatus, photograph (c) Sagnik Dutta Roy, some rights reserved (CC BY)Pandanus furcatus, photograph (c) Dinesh Valke, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)Pandanus furcatus, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedPandanus furcatus, photograph (c) Sagnik Dutta Roy, some rights reserved (CC BY)Pandanus furcatus, photograph (c) Sagnik Dutta Roy, some rights reserved (CC BY) 25 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Coldest month, mean nightly low
11.1°C
Jan at the habitat, not a floor; extremes not used (the weather cell's ground is too far off) CHELSA
Warmest month, mean daily high
30°C
Apr and May at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
3,306mm
9 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
22–41DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes June to September, read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Pandanus furcatus (common name Pandan Atono) Roxb., also known as korr, pandan or Himalayan/Nepal screw pine (named for the screw-like arrangement of its leaves), is native to the Sikkim Himalaya of Northeast India, Bhutan and Nepal, Malaysia, Indonesia and West Africa, and occurs on moist and shady slopes of ravines between 300 and 1500 m. As might be expected it is cold-resistant and able to tolerate occasional light frost, slowly growing to a tall branched tree, about 17 m at maturity, and perched on stilt-like aerial roots. The crown is made up of linear leaves 5 m long, pale-green, with finely toothed margins, rarely up to 6 m long (exceeded in the genus only by Pandanus laxespicatus). The leathery flower spathes are golden-yellow, the lowermost are largest and about 1m in length. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Pandanus furcatus", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Pandanus

Pandanus is a genus of monocots with about 578 accepted species. They are palm-like, dioecious trees and shrubs native to the Old World tropics and subtropics. Common names include pandan, screw palm and screw pine. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Pandanus", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (2,588 mm of 3,202 mm) falls in June to September, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 24.6 °C against a yearly mean of 22.5 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: December to March.

Rain

3,202 mm in the median year at the habitat, 2,588 mm of it June to September. Wettest month July at 850 mm, driest month December at 11 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 2,687 mm to 4,649 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 3,306 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 3,202 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 22 to 41 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 20, the highest 90th-percentile month 44).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 11.1 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range 3.7 °C to 17.2 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 30.2 °C in April (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 11.1 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, January, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell whose ground is too far above or below the typical spot to correct for, and are not used.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 55 to 72% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Pandanus furcatus through the yearWarmest months April and May, mean daily high 30 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low 11.1 °C; 3,202 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.0°10°20°30°40°°C · day and nightcold quarter050010001500mm rainDLI 22–41RH 55–72%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 20 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C21 / 14–3024 / 15–3129 / 18–3330 / 22–3430 / 23–3327 / 24–3026 / 23–3027 / 23–3026 / 23–2928 / 21–2926 / 18–2922 / 15–29
Night °C11 / 4–1713 / 4–1816 / 7–2119 / 10–2322 / 14–2522 / 18–2522 / 19–2522 / 19–2520 / 17–2419 / 12–2315 / 8–1912 / 6–18
Rain mm16 / 3–4322 / 1–6942 / 7–11598 / 27–243247 / 110–450607 / 442–998850 / 696–1388670 / 550–1040461 / 323–582149 / 95–24529 / 12–5711 / 7–30
DLI24 / 22–3628 / 25–4136 / 28–4341 / 33–4439 / 30–4027 / 21–3222 / 20–2424 / 22–2526 / 23–2829 / 25–3226 / 24–3323 / 21–33
RH %56 / 50–6156 / 51–5955 / 50–6156 / 53–6162 / 59–6868 / 65–7472 / 69–7871 / 69–7868 / 67–7262 / 59–6557 / 54–6257 / 51–60

The daily extremes were not used: the correction for elevation, -1029 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's. So no cold floor is read for this species, and the coldest month's mean nightly low is not taken as one. What that cell gave, so corrected, over 44 years: absolute minimum 7.9 °C, 1st-percentile night 11.0 °C.

How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 20 grid cells holding the 23 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1263:5367 (26.825, 88.375). Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 20 distinct grid cells holding 23 of the 23 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1263:5367 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 27.00_88.125, lapse-corrected -1029 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 285 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeIndia, Sri Lanka, Andaman Is., Myanmar, Thailand · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker26.848, 88.357 · in the densest population, 14 records (39% of those in range)
Kew's description“shrub or tree” · “subtropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 36 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 23 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 25 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 112 km away. 19 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 13 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 2° block of the 36 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Pandanus furcatus, photograph 1did not loadPandanus furcatus, photograph 2did not loadPandanus furcatus, photograph 3did not loadPandanus furcatus, photograph 4did not loadPandanus furcatus, photograph 5did not loadPandanus furcatus, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) Sagnik Dutta Roy, some rights reserved (CC BY) (4); (c) Dinesh Valke, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA); author not stated, no rights reserved · CC0.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Curcuma aromatica Curcuma aromatica Wild turmeric Photo: CC BY, harrierDendrobium formosum Dendrobium formosum Orchidaceae Photo: CC BY, КириллAlbizia chinensis Albizia chinensis Chinese albizia Photo: CC BY-SA, Dinesh ValkeStrobilanthes hamiltoniana Strobilanthes hamiltoniana Chinese Rain Bell Photo: CC BY, scallionsDendrobium moschatum Dendrobium moschatum Orchidaceae Photo: CC BY, Sagnik Dutta RoyDuabanga grandiflora Duabanga grandiflora Lampati Photo: CC BY, Sagnik Dutta Roy

Other Pandanus 26 in the reference

Pandanus amaryllifolius Pandanus amaryllifolius Fragrant Pandan Photo: CC BY, chiuluanPandanus aquaticus Pandanus aquaticus Water Pandan Photo: CC BY, Stella FishPandanus austrosinensis Pandanus austrosinensis Pandanaceae Photo: CC BY, Kalvin ChanPandanus balfourii Pandanus balfourii Balfour’s Pandanus Photo: CC0, author not statedPandanus basedowii Pandanus basedowii Sandstone Pandanus Photo: CC BY, Thomas MesaglioPandanus conoideus Pandanus conoideus Pandanaceae Photo: CC BY, Cheongweei GanPandanus cookii Pandanus cookii Cook's pandan Photo: CC0, author not statedPandanus dubius Pandanus dubius Knob-fruited Screwpine Photo: CC BY, GabrielPandanus gemmifer Pandanus gemmifer Pup pandan Photo: CC BY, Richard LittauerPandanus kaida Pandanus kaida False Pineapple Photo: CC0, author not stated Pandanus labyrinthicus Pandanaceae Pandanus livingstonianus Pandanus livingstonianus Screw-pine Photo: CC BY-SA, Bart Wursten all 27 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Barrotia diodon; Pandanus crassipes; Pandanus diodon; Pandanus furcatus var. indica; Pandanus furcatus var. macrocarpus and 3 more. (GBIF Backbone)

Kew accepts as species of their own Pandanus nepalensis: older names in GBIF's record of this species that Kew's World Checklist accepts as other species. (WCVP, RBG Kew, file of 2026-06-04)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Pandanaceae
Described by
Roxb.
Native to
India, Sri Lanka, Andaman Is. +2
Wild records
36 in range · 25 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 12 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (6 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 6 at a herbarium; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 27.00_88.125, lapse-corrected -1029 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: the correction for elevation, -1029 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's, so no cold floor is shown
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22IPNI and POWO linked by Kew's number for Pandanus furcatus Roxb. (the item's: IPNI 670978-1, POWO 670977-1)
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22none of the photographs on this page is credited to GBIF: those shown are other sources', and GBIF's were the same photographs or were set aside by the photograph rules
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 13 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

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